不同类型的托福阅读问题在解决问题的思路上有很大的差异,对于这类问题,考生不仅需要熟悉其问题的特点,而且还需要掌握有针对性和有效的解决问题的方法。下面由新航道的沈阳托福培训为您解答!
托福阅读是指回答问题的基本思路案例介绍
一、问题的方式
文章中有一个词或短语被加亮,通常是一个代词或名词。指代题的方式如下:
The word (or phrase) X in the passage refers to
二、解决问题的步骤
1. 根据解题技巧确定答案;
2. 带入原文验证,看语义、逻辑、语法是否流畅。
三、基本原则
1. 就近指代而言,所谓就近指代,就是被指代的目标通常在指代词前不远处,比如这句话或者最后一句话。有时它出现在前一个句子中。例如:
Large wind farms might also interfere with the flight patterns of migratory birds in certain areas, and they have killed large birds of prey (especially hawks, falcons, and eagles) that prefer to hunt along the same ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines has pitted environmentalists who champion wildlife protection against environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy. Researchers are evaluating how serious this problem is and hope to find ways to eliminate or sharply reduce this problem.
The phrase this problem in the passage refers to
A. Interference with the flight patterns of migrating birds in certain areas
B. Building ridge lines that are ideal for wind turbines
C. The killing of birds of prey by wind turbines
D. Meeting the demands of environmentalists who promote renewable wind energy
题中涉及的是短语提示 problem.在寻找这个短语的指代目标时,只需向上搜索即可。根据就近原则,前一句中的主语the killing of birds of prey by wind turbines可以初步确定为答案。将其带入原文,符合语义和逻辑,因此第三个选项是正确答案。所有选项和第三个选项都与this有关 problem相距较远,且带入时语义和逻辑不通,因此影响选项。
2. 数字一致的指代目标通常与指代词在数字(如奇数或复数)和格(主格或宾格)相同。例如,奇数代词one指代词数名词,复数代词they指代复数名词。
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