相信做过TPO听力两次以上的同学都很清楚，托福听力的讲座有明显的层次结构，所以要在平时的准备中善于总结和总结每一部分的大意。因为疏忽之后，文章的出题点基本形成。下面由新航道的沈阳托福培训小编为您解答！
1、听力文本的结构性
以讲座为例：
"Take American alligators. If you were to go to a swamp during the breeding season, you'd hear a chorus of sounds, deep grunts, hisses, these are sounds that male alligators make.
And some of them are powerful enough to make the water vibrate. This sends a strong, go-away message to the other males. So the alligator can focus on sending other sound waves through the water, sound waves that you and I couldn't even hear since they are at such low frequency. But they do reach the female alligator, who then goes to find and mate with the male.
Vocalization is um...well, it is used for other reasons..."
通过信号词(take American Aligators和used for other reasons)确定这是一个小层次，在笔记中，相信大家都会写下来：
Ame alligator
1. Send go away messa-> other
2. Reach female(mate)
我们可以知道，美国鳄鱼的声音是为了驱逐同性和吸引异性，这被概括为美国短吻鳄的目的。看看这个话题。
According to the professor, what are two functions of the sounds made by male alligators? Click 2 answers
To frighten predators
To attract mates
To locate hatchlings
To threaten other males
不难发现，这是一个详细的问题，但测试内容是上述总结部分：短吻鳄发声的目的/功能，因此很容易选择B和D2的答案。
总结各部分的分论点有两个优点：可以预测问题的一般内容；二是防止信息混乱，特别是在下面的主题中，可以发挥差异和定位的作用。
第二，听力题目理解上的变化
很多时候，考生对主题的选项感到困惑。虽然他们理解一般内容，但他们为什么有时会做错题？关于这个问题，给出以下建议：
1. 具体理解抽象词
经常参加托福听力考试的抽象词:difference、comparison、way、method、iportance等
diference/comparison，需要明确的是，本文的主题是对比和对比
如果出现way/method/approach，要明确开头会出现：how 这样的词，那么我们就要选择相关方法的答案
2. 极端词枚举法
极端词在选项中经常出现：first, second, the most..., new, never, always，这些词通常是错误的选项，我们不需要考虑太多
3. 句意颠倒
选项中的答案往往与听力原稿完全相反。我们应该仔细听这个细节。我们应该在笔记中用符号连接前后名词，最常用的是“->”，比如(TPO24) 考古)：
"And with that came increased seasonality, that is, the summers became warmer, and the winters actually became colder. These extreme shifts would have put a lot of stress on the bodies of animals that were used to a more moderate range of temperatures."
"But when the seasons became more distinct, the plant communities were pulled apart, that meant, in any given area, there was less plant diversity. And as a result, uh, so the theory goes, the Ice Age animals that depended on plant diversity couldn't survive."
笔记上的记录如下：
Extreme temp -> stress -> animal body
Temp-> plant less diversity -> animal not survive
综上所述，温度的变化使动物灭绝。由于植物多样性的降低，许多以此为食的动物灭绝了。
26.Accordingtotheclimatechangetheory,how didtheclimatechangeattheendoftheiceagemakeitmoredifficultforlargeanimalstosurvive?Clickon2answers
Byreducingthesizeoftheirhabitats
Byforcingthemtoendureawiderrangeoftemperatures
Byreducingthevarietyoffoodavailabletothem
Byforcingthemtolivenearhuman
所以答案是C。
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