新航道的沈阳托福培训小编将托福阅读十大题型分为三类：

　　1. 词意细节类；

　　2. 词义连贯类；

　　3. 词义重心类。

　　本文主要分享第二类题(词义连贯类)中理解句间连贯的三个排名。

　　托福阅读:阅读句间连贯的三个排名

　　词义的连贯性从何而来？词义的连贯性来自于旧信息的重复。

　　每句话的组成都是“旧信息”新信息，其中旧信息用于与上述内容重复，建立与上述的联系，即连贯性，新信息是句子的真正焦点。

　　如果一个句子只有新信息，那么这个句子就不会与上面的句子联系起来，听众也不会知道这个句子和之前说的话有什么关系，这本质上是一个“偏颇的话题”。如果一个句子只有旧信息，那么这个句子就是完全重复上面的句子，成为一个废话，可以删除。(这也是写作套路)

　　因此，基于这种对句子本质的思考，我们可以认为句子之间的连贯性是通过上述信息的重复来实现的。这种重复的形式会有所不同，有时是不言而喻的，有时是模糊的。这导致了不同的排名来理解标题中的句子之间的连贯性。

　　排位一：

　　TPO 53-3 Paleolithic Cave Paintings

　　Paragraph 1

　　In any investigation of the origins of art, attention focuses on the cave paintings created in Europe during the Paleolithic era (c. 40,000-10,000 years ago) such as those depicting bulls and other animals in the Lascaux cave in France. Accepting that they are the best preserved and most visible signs of what was a global creative explosion, how do we start to explain their appearance? Instinctively, we may want to update the earliest human artists by assuming that they painted for the sheer joy of painting. The philosophers of Classical Greece recognized it as a defining trait of humans to 'delight in works of imitation'—to enjoy the very act and triumph of representation. If we were close to a real lion or snake, we might feel frightened. But a well- executed picture of a lion or snake will give us pleasure. Why suppose that our Paleolithic ancestors were any different?

　　Paragraph 2

　　This simple acceptance of art for art's sake has a certain appeal. To think of Lascaux as a gallery allows it to be a sort of special viewing place where the handiwork of accomplished artists might be displayed.

　　上文第二段第一句中的指代关系（This simple acceptance of art for art's sake）这是句间连贯的标志：你应该能够理解这里的simple acceptance of art for art's sake(简单地把艺术当作艺术)就是完全重复段中的painted for the sheer joy of painting(为了绘画的快乐而绘画)。这种重复促进了第二段和段之间的过渡，第二段第一句后半部分的has a certain appeal（有一定的吸引力）是这句话的新信息，也就是这句话的重点。关于重点的确定不属于本文的讨论范围，所以我只是指出。让我们回到连贯的理解。

　　再看一个例子：

　　TPO 1-2 The Origins of Theater

　　Paragraph 6

　　But neither the human imitative instinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater. Therefore, additional explanations are needed. One necessary condition seems to be a somewhat detached view of human problems.

　　上面第六段的逻辑关系逻辑标志Therefore(因此)是句间连贯的标志:你应该理解一个句子（But neither the human imitative instinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater）是原因，而第二句（Therefore, additional explanations are needed.）这是结果。事实上，“Therefore”一词已经包含了对上述内容的重复，本质上是对上述内容的结果。因此，Therefore（因此）也可以理解为包含上述重复。

　　以上两个例子都是通过明显的标记来实现句子之间的连贯性，所以在阅读过程中相对容易看到和获得，所以它们是排名。

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