在托福阅读中,要想快速理解长句和难句的含义,就必须明确主次句,否则要么被装饰成分弄得头晕目眩,不知所措,要么因为装饰成分太复杂而促使我们形成鱼的记忆。然后,在分析主次句的过程中,三个从句(定语从句、状语从句和名词从句)的重要性是不言而喻的。然而,近年来,我发现许多学生仍然混淆了定语从句和名词从句中的同位语从句。下面由新航道的沈阳托福培训小编为您解答!
The fact that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests does not seem surprising,considering the huge numbers of insects that comprise the bulk of the species.
再读一遍,辨别定语从句和同位语从句吗?如果找不到合适的话,我们先来分析一下这句话的成分:
首先,这句话的主干是 The fact does not seem surprising;而that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain forests是同位语从句,主语theests fact解释说明;其次,consideringg; the huge numbers of insects是分词作状语的用法,在这里作主句的原因状语;最后thatts comprise the bulk of the species是定语从句装饰前面的定语 the huge numbers of insects。
经过分析,我们将装饰成分恢复,整句话的意思是:
考虑到大多数物种的昆虫数量,我认为一半的已知物种生活在世界雨林中并不令人惊讶。
明白了这句话,现在想一个问题。在这句话中,that在引导的同位语从句中是否与第二个that引导的定语从句相结合?
事实上,我们不难发现,同位语从句that half of the known species are thought to inhabit the world's rain 在forests中,that没有成分,但在定语从句thats中, comprise the bulk of the 在species中,that充当主语成分指代前面 the huge numbers of insects。这是这两个重要从句最根本的区别。
具体来说,定语从句是对其先行词的修改或限制,属于形容词性从句,而同位语从句是对前抽象名词的进一步解释和解释,属于名词性从句;
The new that he told me yesterday was true. 定语从句
The news that our team has won the game was true. 同位语从句
从引导词的角度来看,比如这里的引导词that,that是关系代词,充当主语或宾语,可以省略作为宾语。在同位语从句中,that是连词,无意义,不可省略;
The factory (that) we visited yesterday is a chemical one. 定语从句,that是指factory在从句中作宾语,可省略。
The news that he will leave for Shanghai is true. 同位语从句
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