今天,我想和很多托福考生分享五种解决托福词汇问题的方法。下面由新航道的沈阳托福培训小编为您解答!
1.通过直接反义词判断
托福阅读中有许多直接反义词。这些词的前后内容将是明显的反义词关系。如果你不明白,你可以先看一个中文例子:小王是一个内向的人。相反,她是一个内向的人。从后面的内向可以推断,前面应该是一个外向的词。因此,我们必须注意直接反义词,如示例中的“相反”。英语中常见的有:
rather than,instead,unlike,contrast,on the contrary等。
案例:The main conflict in the novel is between a mother who places a high value on hard work and honor and a son who repudiates his mother’s values instead preferring the easier path to fortune and celebrity
问题:the word repudiates in the passage in closest in meaning to __
A.refuses to accept B.lives up to C.tries to understand D.makes the best of
如果你不认识“repudiates”这个词,你可以从后面的“instead”这个词来判断儿子和母亲的价值观是相反的。根据这个判断,如果你看四个选项,你会发现只有一个选项含有否认的含义,这个词汇问题很容易做出来。
2.判断并列关系
托福阅读中表示并列关系的常用词有:
and,not only...but also,as…as,both,either...or...,neither...nor...等等。
案例:She embarked on her career by working as a newspaper reporter in Wisconsin and soon began writing novels.
问题:The phrase embarked on in this sentence is closest in meaning to
A.took a trip to B.started out on C.improved upon D.had a opinion about
我们需要从前后的关系来判断。首先,我们可以看到一个关键词的职业生涯。在这句话中,我们看到关键词and出现后,soon began告诉我们前后方向是一致的,前面也必须和began有关,所以问题的正确答案是b。
3.通过解释词汇来判断
所谓解释词,即后面的句子或句子词来解释前面的单词,常见的标志词有:
contribute to,be responsible for,account for,since,therefore,because,in which
案例:His big break came with the novel So big(1924),which was awarded the Pulitzer in literature.
问题:the word break in this sentence could best be replaced by ___
A.rupture B.revelation C.opportunity D.rest
which was awarded the Pulitzer in Literature告诉我们,一定要考察正态度,所以答案不能是A或D,应该选择C Opportunity,它代表了一种有益的状态或合适的时机。
4.从动宾关系判断
托福阅读词汇问题也有这种行为,是看看宾语是否能与动词相匹配,考生可以从动词短语的组合来判断。
案例:The oxidation of exhaust gases is one of primary sources of the world’s pollutions.The brown haze that is poised over some of the world’s largest cities is properly called photochemical smog.
The word poised in this sentence is closest in meaning to__
A.interacting B.sitting C.blowing D.poisoning
首先,interacting可以从组合关系中排除,因为interact的搭配是with。然后,blowing可以从前后关系中排除,因为blow over吹走了,没有smog。同时,D选项的poisoning只有在作为和物动词时才有pollute的含义。用这句话代替中式不及物的用法只有一个意思,说明下毒不符合,所以选择B。
5.形容词修饰名词关系判断
并不是每个修饰词都能修饰所有的名词。就像很少有人说一个团队排得很粗,而且一般都排得很长,即使很多人排队,也会让团队看起来很粗。
案例:When the gas reaches the air,it comes into contact with available oxygen from atmosphere and combines with the oxygen to produce nitrogen dioxide(No2),which is a gas with a brownish hue.
The word hue in this sentence is closest in meaning to
A.color B.odor C.thickness D.smoke
对于问题,你会发现有一个棕色的小词brownish。首先,从形容词中修改名词关系可以直接排除B odor和C thickness,其次可以通过a gas with brownish hue前面的gas排除D选项smoke,用词重复。所以正确答案是A。
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