并排逻辑是写作中常见的逻辑顺序，也是托福阅读容易设置考点的地方。比如比较常见的and，or ,both, either …or, except, beyond, not only…but also, moreover等等可以帮助我们识别并排。本文旨在介绍并排逻辑中的另一个常见现象，即抽象术语。通过介绍什么是抽象术语，以及如何帮助我们识别逻辑，以帮助我们更准确地回答问题。下面由新航道的沈阳托福培训小编为您解答！
抽象名词一般需要解释，很多时候写作会解释抽象名词，比如熟悉的同位语从句。常见的抽象名词有：fact, result, consequence, benefit, improvement, possibility, advantage, disadvantage, fact, benefit, evidence, risk, advice, doubt, news, conclusion, view, likelihood, 想法等等。当上述名词复数出现时，写作从段落到整篇文章都会出现并列结构。掌握这一点可以帮助我们快速理解文章的结构，更好地理解文章，准确地回答问题。以名字为例。
托福阅读并列结构抽象名词复数
例一：
The calling or singing plays an important role in their reproduction-specifically, in helping individuals find and select mates. Sound has many advantages as a communication signal. When sounds are broadcast, the auditory receptors do not need to be in a particular orientation relative to the sound source in order to receive stimulation. Loud songs, particularly those made by choruses of frogs calling together, can travel long distances and thus attract distant frogs. Sounds travel around large obstacles. These advantages are not found in the visual modality, where the receiver must be attentive and have its visual receptor orientated in the correct direction. Further, most frogs and toads breed at night, when light levels are low but sounds can be easily localized. We can conclude that auditory signals are used by frogs and toads because they can be effective over long distances at night.
1. According to paragraph1， all of the following are mentioned as true of the mating calls of frogs EXCEPT:
A. They can reach frogs in far-off locations.
B. They are not blocked by objects of substantial size.
C. They are often combined with nonauditory signals.
D. They can be received without the frog’s needing to orient itself toward the direction of the signal.
分析：通过Sounddd has many advantages as a communication signal.我们很容易找到抽象名词复数advantages，所以整篇文章都会并排讲声音的好处；后面的Whenn...Sounds travel around large obstacles. 并排讲了三个好处。下一句Thesese。 advantages证实了并列结构。这道题是取非题，并排测试信息。读完结构后，只需要一一对应三个好处。答案是C。
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