在托福阅读的十种题型中,修辞目的题与其他题型相比是独一无二的。托福阅读考试中的修辞目的题注重考察单词、句子或句子在句子内或句子之间的作用和逻辑。这就要求我们在阅读时要有意识地注意句子之间的逻辑关系和段落的结构。下面由新航道的沈阳托福培训小编为您解答!
这个目的问题的内容基本上可以分为三类。首先,作者在句子中提到了一些单词、句子或句子,以说明以前的相关信息点,以帮助读者更好地理解原始信息。第二,作者提供相关信息的目的是解释某一现象或事件,本质上类似于例子,也是为了帮助读者更好地理解信息,第三,作者提出一些重要的观点,为了突出个别信息点,并引入一些单词短语或句子,目的是为了强度。基于对作者写作目的本身的分析和理解,我们可以更好地解决相关问题。以下是如何解决这些问题的例子。
让我们来看一个问题,这个问题来自TPO14--children and advertising中的第10题,问whyy does the author mention a show about a cartoon lion in which an advertisement appears featuring the same lion character?根据题目关键词定位到文中对应的句子,Host selling occurs, for example, when a children's show about a cartoon lion contains an ad in which the same lion promotes a breakfast cereal.读完句子后,可以看到句子中插入的句子for example,知道这句话是一个例子,属于一个例子,我们都知道这个例子是用来确认之前的信息的,所以向前推,看到紧接其前的内容In the recent past, the role of celebrities in advertising to children has often been conflated with the concept of host selling. Host selling involves blending advertisements with regular programming in a way that makes it difficult to distinguish one from the other.这两句话解释了host selling,第二句提到了host selling的影响,因此得知接下来的句子是为了证明这两个信息,即host selling的概念及其影响。得到正确答案Tohelpeplatistetheterm”host selling"andwhyitcanbemisleadingtochildren。
另一个例子是TPO16中的trad and the ancient middle east一文中的第12题考到In paragraph 5, why does the author mention the new trade route opened up by Vasco da Gama's fifteenth century voyage around Africa?根据主题关键词定位到原文语句:as occurred when European seafarers circumvented Middle Eastern merchants after Vasco da Gama's voyage around Africa in the late fifteenth century opened up a southern route.读句子as就像...知道这里是一个例子,例证以前的信息,看到前半句since the development of new international trade routes could undermine the monetary base and erode state power。得知提到Vasco da Gama's fifteenth century voyage around Africa的目的是确认新国际贸易路线的发展可能会破坏货币基础,腐蚀国家权力。答案是To present an instance in which Middle Eastern states lost money and power because of their reliance on long-distance trade。
再如TPO25 The surface of mars一文第六题Inns paragraph 3, why does the author compare Maxwell Mons on Venus to the Hawaiian shield volcanoes on Earth?根据主题关键词定位到原文语句IT is no accident that Maxwell Mons on Venus and the Hawaiian shield volcanoes on Earth rise to about the same height (about 10 kilometers) above their respective bases-Earth and Venus has similar surface gravity.通过句中语句IT is no accident that得知这里是一个例子,所以向前看,紧接其前的句子是The lower the gravity, the lesser the weight and the greater the height of the mountain.可以看出,原文想讨论的信息是地球引力与山峰高度之间的直接关系,地球引力越小,重量越小。随着山的高度越高,之后会比较Maxwell Mons on Venus 和the Hawaiian shield volcanoes on Earth完全是为了论证这一信息,因此,很容易选择正确的答案为Tooto help explain the relationship between surface gravity and volcano height。
在修辞目的题中,举例论证是一个常见的考点,表示举例的常见提示性单词或句子有:for example/forinstance/suchas/as/asaexampleof/oneof…/this is the case等等。如果题干中的关键词。
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