剑桥雅思13Test2Section3听力原文与答案 Planning a presentation on nanotechnology

剑桥雅思13听力第二套题目第三篇文章的主题为纳米科技的课堂演讲，具体内容包括计划演讲过程中遇到的困难，演讲的内容，是否要用幻灯片，开启演讲的方式，以及上次演讲中做的不太好的地方。下面是这段听力音频对应的原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇：雅思备考听力篇 剑13 test 2 section 3 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思13 test2 section3雅思听力原文

TUTOR: Ah … come in, Russ.

RUSS: Thank you.

TUTOR: Now you wanted to consult me about your class presentation on nanotechnology – you’re due to give it in next week, aren’t you?

RUSS: That’s right. And I’m really struggling. I chose the topic because I didn’t know much about it and wanted to learn more, but now I’ve read so much about it, in a way there’s too much to say -I could talk for much longer than the twenty minutes I’ve been allocated. Should I assume the other students don’t know much, and give them a kind of general introduction, or should I try and make them share my fascination with a particular aspect (Q21)?

TUTOR: You could do either, but you’ll need to have it clear in your own mind.

RUSS: Then I think I’ll give an overview.

TUTOR: OK. Now, one way of approaching this is to work through developments in chronological order.

RUSS: Uh-huh.

TUTOR: On the other hand, you could talk about the numerous ways that nanotechnology is being applied.

RUSS: You mean things like thin films on camera displays to make them water-repellent, and additives to make motorcycle helmets stronger and lighter.

TUTOR: Exactly. Or another way would be to focus on its impact in one particular area, say medicine, or space exploration (Q22).

RUSS: That would make it easier to focus. Perhaps I should do that.

TUTOR: I think that would be a good idea.

RUSS: Right, How important is it to include slides in the presentation?

TUTOR: They aren’t essential, by any means. And there’s a danger of tailoring what you say to fit whatever slides you can find. While it can be good to include slides, you could end up spending too long looking for suitable ones. You might find it better to leave them out (Q23).

RUSS: I see. Another thing I was wondering about was how to start. I know presentations often begin with ‘First I’m going to talk about this, and then I’ll talk about that’, but I thought about asking the audience what they know about nanotechnology.

TUTOR: That would be fine if you had an hour or two for the presentation, but you might find that you can’t do anything with the answers you get, and it simply eats into the short time that’s available.

RUSS: So, maybe I should mention a particular way that nanotechnology is used, to focus people’s attention (Q24).

TUTOR: That sounds sensible.

RUSS: What do you think I should do next? I really have to plan the presentation today and tomorrow.

TUTOR: Well, initially I think you should ignore all the notes you’ve made, take a small piece of paper, and write a single short sentence that ties together the whole presentation (Q25): it can be something as simple as ‘Nanotechnology is already improving our lives’. Then start planning the content around that. You can always modify that sentence later, if you need to.

RUSS: OK.

TUTOR: OK, now let’s think about actually giving the presentation. You’ve only given one before, if I remember correctly, about an experiment you’d been involved in.

RUSS: That’s right. It was pretty rubbish!

TUTOR: Let’s say it was better in some respects than in others. With regard to the structure. I felt that you ended rather abruptly, without rounding it off (Q26). Be careful not to do that in next week’s presentation.

RUSS: OK.

TUTOR: And you made very little eve contact with the audience, because you were looking down at your notes most of the time. You need to be looking at the audience and only occasionally glancing at your notes (Q27).

RUSS: Mmm.

TUTOR: Your body language was a little odd. Every time you showed a slide, you turned your back on the audience so you could look at it – you should have been looking at your laptop. And you kept scratching your head, so I found myself wondering when you were next going to do that, instead of listening to what you were saying (Q28)!

RUSS: Oh dear. What did you think of the language? I knew that not everyone was familiar with the subject, so I tried to make it as simple as I could.

TUTOR: Yes, that came across. You used a few words that are specific to the field, but you always explained what they meant, so the audience wouldn’t have had any difficulty understanding (Q29).

RUSS: Uh-huh.

TUTOR: I must say the handouts you prepared were well thought out. They were a good summary of your presentation (Q30), which people would be able to refer to later on. So well done on that.

RUSS: Thank you.

TUTOR: Well, I hope that helps you with next week’s presentation.

RUSS: Yes, it will. Thanks a lot.

TUTOR: I’ll look forward to seeing a big improvement, then.

剑桥雅思13 Test2 Section3雅思听力答案

21. B

22. A

23. C

24. C

25. A

26. A

27. C

28. D

29. G

30. B

剑桥雅思13Test2Section2听力原文与答案 Information on company volunteering projects

剑桥雅思13听力第二套题目第二部分的主题为公司志愿者项目。具体内容包括志愿工作时间，参加志愿工作的好处，具体的项目内容，这次的合作方和举办地点，以及参与手续等。下面是这段音频对应的录音原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇：雅思备考听力篇 剑13 test 2 section 2 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思13 test2 section2雅思听力原文

Thanks for coming everyone. OK, so this meeting is for new staff and staff who haven’t been involved with our volunteering projects yet. So basically, the idea is that we allow staff to give up some of their work time to help on various charity projects to benefit the local community. We’ve been doing this for the last five years and it’s been very successful.

Participating doesn’t necessarily involve a huge time commitment. The company will pay for eight hours of your time (Q11). That can be used over one or two days all at once, or spread over several months throughout the year. There are some staff who enjoy volunteering so much they also give up their own free time for a couple of hours every week. It’s completely up to you. Obviously, many people will have family commitments and aren’t as available as other members of staff.

Feedback from staff has been overwhelmingly positive. Because they felt they were doing something really useful, nearly everyone agreed that volunteering made them feel more motivated at work (Q12). They also liked building relationships with the people in the local community and felt valued by them. One or two people also said it was a good thing to have on their CVs.

One particularly successful project last year was the Get Working Project. This was aimed at helping unemployed people in the area get back to work. Our staff were able to help them improve their telephone skills, such as writing down messages and speaking with confidence to potential customers, which they had found quite difficult (Q13). This is something many employers look for in job applicants – and something we all do without even thinking about, every day at work.

We’ve got an exciting new project starting this year. Up until now, we’ve mainly focused on projects to do with education and training. And we’ll continue with our reading project in schools and our work with local charities. But we’ve also agreed to help out on a conservation project in Redfern Park (Q14). So if any of you fancy being outside and getting your hands dirty, this is the project for you.

I also want to mention the annual Digital Inclusion Day, which is coming up next month. The aim of this is to help older people keep up with technology. And this year, instead of hosting the event in our own training facility, we’re using the ICT suite at Hill College (Q15), as it can hold far more people.

We’ve invited over 60 people from the Silver Age Community Centre to take part, so we’ll need a lot of volunteers to help with this event.

If you’re interested in taking part, please go to the volunteering section of our website and complete the relevant form (Q16). We won’t be providing any training for this but you’ll be paired with an experienced volunteer if you’ve never done it before. By the way, don’t forget to tell your manager about any volunteering activities you decide to do.

The participants on the Digital Inclusion Day really benefited. The majority were in their seventies, though some were younger and a few were even in their nineties! Quite a few owned both a computer and a mobile phone, but these tended to be outdated models (Q17). They generally knew how to do simple things, like send texts, but weren’t aware of recent developments in mobile phone technology. A few were keen to learn but most were quite dismissive at first – they couldn’t see the point of updating their skills (Q18). But that soon changed.

The feedback was very positive. The really encouraging thing was that participants all said they felt much more confident about using social media to keep in touch with their grandchildren (Q19), who prefer this form of communication to phoning or sending emails. A lot of them also said playing online games would help them make new friends and keep their brains active (Q20). They weren’t that impressed with being able to order their groceries online, as they liked going out to the shops, but some said it would come in handy if they were ill or the weather was really bad. One thing they asked about was using tablets for things like reading newspapers – some people had been given tablets as presents but had never used them, so that’s something we’ll make sure we include this time …

剑桥雅思13 Test2 Section2雅思听力答案

11. C

12. B

13. C

14. B

15. B

16. A

17-18. CE

19-20. BD

剑桥雅思13Test2Section1听力原文与答案South City Cycling club

剑桥雅思13听力第二套题目第 一部分的主题为骑行俱乐部咨询，具体内容包括俱乐部会员的类型与相应权益，所提供的各种培训，以及骑行过程中的其他信息。下面是这段音频对应的听力原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇：雅思备考听力篇 剑13 test 2 section 1 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思13 test2 section1雅思听力原文

JIM: Hello, South City Cycling Club.

WOMAN: Oh, hi. Er… I want to find out about joining the club.

JIM: Right. I can help you there. I’m the club secretary and my name’s Jim Hunter.

WOMAN: Oh, hi Jim.

JIM: So, are you interested in membership for yourself?

WOMAN: That’s right.

JIM: OK. Well there are basically two types of adult membership. If you’re pretty serious about cycling, there’s the Full membership. That costs 260 dollars and that covers you not just for ordinary cycling but also for races (Q1) both here in the city and also in other parts of Australia.

WOMAN: Right. Well, I’m not really up to that standard. I was more interested in just joining a group to do some cycling in my free time.

JIM: Sure. That’s why most people join. So, in that case you’d be better with the Recreational membership. That’s 108 dollars if you’re over 19, and 95 dollars if you’re under.

WOMAN: I’m 25.

JIM: OK. It’s paid quarterly, and you can upgrade it later to the Full membership if you want to, of course. Now both types of membership include the club fee of 20 dollars. They also provide insurance (Q2) in case you have an accident, though we hope you won’t need that, of course.

WOMAN: No. OK, well, I’ll go with the Recreational membership, I think. And that allows me to join in the club activities, and so on?

JIM: That’s right. And once you’re a member of the club, you’re also permitted to wear our kit when you’re out cycling. It’s green and white.

WOMAN: Yes, I’ve seen cyclists wearing it. So, can I buy that at the club?

JIM: No, it’s made to order by a company in Brisbane. You can find them online: they’re called Jerriz. That’s J-E-R-R-l-Z (Q3). You can use your membership number to put in an order on their website.

WOMAN: OK. Now, can you tell me a bit about the rides I can do?

JIM: Sure. So we have training rides pretty well every morning, and they’re a really good way of improving your cycling skills as well as your general level of fitness, but they’re different levels. Level A is pretty fast – you’re looking at about 30 or 35 kilometres an hour. If you can do about 25 (Q4) kilometres an hour, you’d probably be level B, and then level C are the novices, who stay at about 15 kilometres per hour.

WOMAN: Right. Well I reckon I’d be level B. So, when are the sessions for that level?

JIM: There are a couple each week. They’re both early morning sessions. There’s one on Tuesdays, and for that one you meet at 5.30 am. and the meeting point’s the stadium (Q5) – do you know where that is?

WOMAN: Yes, it’s quite near my home, in fact. OK, and how about the other one?

JIM: That’s on Thursdays. It starts at the same time, but they meet at the main gate to the park (Q6).

WOMAN: Is that the one just past the shopping mall?

JIM: That’s it.

WOMAN: So how long are the rides?

JIM: They’re about an hour and a half. So, if you have a job it’s easy to fit in before you go to work. And the members often ao somewhere for coffee (Q7) afterwards, so it’s quite a social event.

WOMAN: OK. That sounds good. I’ve only just moved to the city so I don’t actually know many people yet.

JIM: Well, it’s a great way to meet people.

WOMAN: And does each ride have a leader (Q8)?

JIM: Sometimes, but not always. But you don’t really need one; the group members on the ride support one another, anyway.

WOMAN: How would we know where to go?

JIM: If you check the club website, you’ll see that the route (Q9) for each ride is clearly marked. So you can just print that out and take it along with you. It’s similar from one week to another, but it’s not always exactly the same.

WOMAN: And what do I need to bring?

JIM: Well, bring a bottle of water, and your phone. You shouldn’t use it while you’re cycling, but have it with you.

WOMAN: Right.

JIM: And in winter, it’s well before sunrise when we set out, so you need to make sure your bike’s got lights (Q10).

WOMAN: That’s OK. Well, thanks Jim. I’d definitely like to join. So what’s the best way of going about it?

JIM: You can …

剑桥雅思13 Test2 Section1雅思听力答案

1. races

2. insurance

3. Jerriz

4. 25

5. stadium

6. park

7. coffee

8. leader

9. route

10. lights

剑桥雅思13Test1Section4听力原文与答案 Effects of urban environments on animals

剑桥雅思13听力第 一套题目第四部分的主题为城市环境对动物的影响。录音分为三部分，一开始引入这一研究课题，然后介绍最近的一些研究成果，最后展望未来。下面是这段音频对应的原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇：雅思备考听力篇 剑13 test 1 section 4 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思13 test1 section4雅思听力原文

Hi. Today we’re going to be looking at animals in urban environments and I’m going to be telling you about some research on how they’re affected by these environments.

Now, in evolutionary terms, urban environments represent huge upheavals, the sorts of massive changes that usually happen over millions of years. And we used to think that only a few species could adapt to this new environment. One species which is well known as being highly adaptable is the crow (Q31), and there’ve been various studies about how they manage to learn new skills. Another successful species is the pigeon, because they’re able to perch on ledges on the walls of city buildings, just like they once perched on cliffs (Q32) by the sea.

But in fact, we’re now finding that these early immigrants were just the start of a more general movement of animals into cities, and of adaptation by these animals to city life. And one thing that researchers are finding especially interesting is the speed (Q33) with which they’re doing this – we’re not talking about gradual evolution here – these animals are changing fast.

Let me tell you about some of the studies that have been carried out in this area. So, in the University of Minnesota, a biologist called Emilie Snell-Rood and her colleagues looked at specimens of urbanised small mammals such as mice and gophers that had been collected in Minnesota, and that are now kept in museums there. And she looked at specimens that had been collected over the last hundred years, which is a very short time in evolutionary terms. And she found that during that time, these small mammals had experienced a jump in brain (Q34) size when compared to rural mammals. Now, we can’t be sure this means they’re more intelligent, but since the sizes of other parts of the body didn’t change, it does suggest that something cognitive was going on. And Snell-Rood thinks that this change might reflect the cognitive demands of adjusting to city life – having to look in different places to find food (Q35), for example, and coping with a whole new set of dangers.

Then over in Germany at the Max Planck Institute, there’s another biologist called Catarina Miranda who’s done some experiments with blackbirds living in urban and rural areas. And she’s been looking not at their anatomy but at their behaviour (Q36). So as you might expect, she’s found that the urban blackbirds tend to be quite bold – they’re prepared to face up to a lot of threats that would frighten away their country counterparts. But there’s one type of situation that does seem to frighten the urban blackbirds, and that’s anything new (Q37)– anything they haven’t experienced before. And if you think about it, that’s quite sensible for a bird living in the city.

Jonathan Atwell, in Indiana University, is looking at how a range of animals respond to urban environments. He’s found that when they’re under stress (Q38), their endocrine systems react by reducing the amount of hormones such as corticosterone into their blood. It’s a sensible- seeming adaptation. A rat that gets scared every time a subway train rolls past won’t be very successful.

There’s just one more study I’d like to mention which is by Sarah Parian and her team, and they’ve been looking at how squirrels communicate in an urban environment, and they’ve found that a routine part of their communication is carried out by waving their tails (Q39). You do also see this in the country, but it’s much more prevalent in cities, possibly because it’s effective in a noisy environment.

So what are the long-term implications of this? One possibility is that we may see completely new species developing in cities. But on the other hand, it’s possible that not all of these adaptations will be permanent (Q40). Once the animal’s got accustomed to its new environment, it may no longer need the features it’s developed.

So, now we’ve had a look …

剑桥雅思13 Test1 Section4雅思听力答案

31. crow

32. cliffs

33. speed

34. brain(s)

35. food

36. behaviour(s)/behavior(s)

37. new

38. stress

39. tail(s)

40. permanent

剑桥雅思13Test1Section3听力原文与答案 seed germination

剑桥雅思13听力第 一套题目第三部分的主题为种子发芽研究，具体内容包括Jack对这一课题感兴趣的原因，他们目前实验的优势所在，需要跟老师确认的事情，认为某人书籍不满意的原因，以及实验的具体步骤。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑13 test 1 section 3 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思13Test1Section3听力答案解析 Seed germination

剑桥雅思13 test1 section3雅思听力原文

EMMA: We’ve got to choose a topic for our experiment, haven’t we, Jack? Were you thinking of something to do with seeds?

JACK: That’s right. I thought we could look at seed germination – how a seed begins to grow.

EMMA: OK. Any particular reason? I know you’re hoping to work in plant science eventually…

JACK: Yeah, but practically everything we do is going to feed into that. No, there’s an optional module on seed structure and function in the third year that I might do, so I thought it might be useful for that (Q21). If I choose that option, I don’t have to do a dissertation module.

EMMA: Good idea.

JACK: Well, I thought for this experiment we could look at the relationship between seed size and the way the seeds are planted. So, we could plant different sized seeds in different ways, and see which grow best.

EMMA: OK. We’d need to allow time for the seeds to come up.

JACK: That should be fine if we start now. A lot of the other possible experiments need quite a bit longer (Q22).

EMMA: So that’d make it a good one to choose. And I don’t suppose it’d need much equipment; we’re not doing chemical analysis or anything. Though that’s not really an issue, we’ve got plenty of equipment in the laboratory.

JACK: Yeah. We need to have a word with the tutor if we’re going to go ahead with it though. I’m sure our aim’s OK. It’s not very ambitious but the assignment’s only ten percent of our final mark, isn’t it? But we need to be sure we’re the only ones doing it (Q23).

EMMA: Yeah, it’s only five percent actually, but it’d be a bit boring if everyone was doing it.

JACK: Did you read that book on seed germination on our reading list?

EMMA: The one by Graves? I looked through it for my last experiment, though it wasn’t all that relevant there. It would be for this experiment, though. I found it quite hard to follow – lots about the theory, which I hadn’t expected (Q24).

JACK: Yes, I’d been hoping for something more practical. It does include references to the recent findings on genetically-modified seeds, though.

EMMA: Yes, that was interesting.

JACK: I read an article about seed germination by Lee Hall.

EMMA: About seeds that lie in the ground for ages and only germinate after a fire?

JACK: That’s the one. I knew a bit about it already, but not about this research. His analysis of figures comparing the times of the fires and the proportion of seeds that germinated was done in a lot of detail – very impressive (Q25).

EMMA: Was that the article with the illustrations of early stages of plant development? They were very clear.

JACK: I think those diagrams were in another article.

EMMA: Anyway, shall we have a look at the procedure for our experiment? We’ll need to get going with it quite soon.

JACK: Right. So the first thing we have to do is find our seeds. I think vegetable seeds would be best. And obviously they mustn’t all be the same size. So how many sorts do we need? About four different ones (Q26)?

EMMA: I think that would be enough. There’ll be quite a large number of seeds for each one.

JACK: Then, for each seed we need to find out how much it weighs (Q27), and also measure its dimensions, and we need to keep a careful record of all that.

EMMA: That’ll be quite time-consuming. And we also need to decide how deep we’re going to plant the seeds (Q28) – right on the surface, a few millimetres down, or several centimetres.

JACK: OK. So then we get planting. Do you think we can plant several seeds together in the same plant pot?

EMMA: No, I think we need a different one for each seed (Q29).

JACK: Right. And we’ll need to label them – we can use different coloured labels. Then we wait for the seeds to germinate – I reckon that’ll be about three weeks, depending on what the weather’s like. Then we see if our plants have come up. and write down how tall they’ve grown (Q30).

EMMA: Then all we have to do is look at our numbers, and see if there’s any relation between them.

JACK: That’s right. So …

剑桥雅思13 Test1 Section3雅思听力答案

21. A

22. C

23. B

24. C

25. B

26. G

27. C

28. H

29. A

30. E

剑桥雅思13Test1Section2听力原文与答案 Traffic Changes in Granford

剑桥雅思13听力第 一套题目第二部分的主题为Granford的交通变化。其内容包括交通体系需要改进的点，当地居民抱怨最多的问题，新规定遇到的困难，以及各种交通设施的变化。下面是这段音频对应的录音原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑13 test 1 section 2 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思13Test1Section2听力答案解析 Traffic Changes in Granford

剑桥雅思13 test1 section2雅思听力原文

Good evening everyone. My name’s Phil Sutton, and I’m chairman of the Highways Committee. We’ve called this meeting to inform members of the public about the new regulations for traffic and parking we’re proposing for Granford. I’ll start by summarising these changes before we open the meeting to questions.

So, why do we need to make these changes to traffic systems in Granford? Well, we’re very aware that traffic is becoming an increasing problem. It’s been especially noticeable with the increase in heavy traffic while they’ve been building the new hospital. But it’s the overall rise in the volume of traffic of all kinds that’s concerning us (Q11). To date there’s not been any increase in traffic accidents, but that’s not something we want to see happen, obviously.

We recently carried out a survey of local residents, and their responses were interesting. People were very concerned about the lack of visibility on some roads due to cars parked along the sides of the roads (Q12). We’d expected complaints about the congestion near the school when parents are dropping off their children or picking them up, but this wasn’t top of the list, and nor were noise and fumes from trucks and lorries, though they were mentioned by some people.

We think these new traffic regulations would make a lot of difference. But we still have a long way to go. We’ve managed to keep our proposals within budget, just, so they can be covered by the Council. But, of course, it’s no good introducing new regulations if we don’t have a wav of making sure that everyone obeys them (Q13), and that’s an area we’re still working on with the help of representatives from the police force.

OK, so this slide shows a map of the central area of Granford, with the High Street in the middle and School Road on the right. Now, we already have a set of traffic lights in the High Street at the junction with Station Road, but we’re planning to have another set at the other end, at the School Road junction (Q14), to regulate the flow of traffic along the High Street.

We’ve decided we definitely need a pedestrian crossing. We considered putting this on School Road, just outside the school, but in the end we decided that could lead to a lot of traffic congestion so we decided to locate it on the High Street, crossing the road in front of the supermarket (Q15). That’s a very busy area, so it should help things there.

We’re proposing some changes to parking. At present, parking isn’t allowed on the High Street outside the library, but we’re going to change that, and allow parking there(Q16), but not at the other end of the High Street near School Road.

There’ll be a new ‘No Parking’ sign on School Road, just by the entrance to the school (Q17), forbidding parking for 25 metres. This should improve visibility for drivers and pedestrians, especially on the bend just to the north of the school.

As far as disabled drivers are concerned, at present they have parking outside the supermarket, but lorries also use those spaces, so we’ve got two new disabled parking spaces on the side road up towards the bank (Q18). It’s not ideal, but probably better than the present arrangement.

We also plan to widen the pavement on School Road. We think we can manage to get an extra half-metre on the bend just before you get to the school, on the same side of the road (Q19).

Finally, we’ve introduced new restrictions on loading and unloading for the supermarket, so lorries will only be allowed to stop there before 8 am. That’s the supermarket on School Road (Q20)– we kept to the existing arrangements with the High Street supermarket.

OK. So that’s about it. Now, would anyone …

剑桥雅思13 Test1 Section2雅思听力答案

11. B

12. C

13. B

14. E

15. D

16. B

17. G

18. C

19. H

20. I

剑桥雅思13Test1Section1听力原文与答案 cookery classes

剑桥雅思13听力第 一套题目第 一部分的主题为烹饪课程，内容包括不同烹饪课程的名称，相应的重点，以及其他信息，比如班级大小，是否提供私人辅导，有无折扣，菜谱的针对性，位置等等。下面是这段音频对应的录音原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑13 test 1 section 1 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思13Test1Section1听力答案解析 Cookery Classes

剑桥雅思13 test1 section1雅思听力原文

OFFICIAL: Hello, Tourist Information Centre, Mike speaking, how can I help you?

WOMAN: Oh, hi. I wanted to find out about cookery classes. I believe there are some one-day classes for tourists?

OFFICIAL: Well, they’re open to everyone, but tourists are always welcome. OK, let me give you some details of what’s available. There are several classes. One very popular one is at the Food Studio.

WOMAN: OK.

OFFICIAL: They focus on seasonal products, and as well as teaching you how to cook them, they also show you how to choose (Q1) them.

WOMAN: Right, that sounds good. How big are the classes?

OFFICIAL: I’m not sure exactly, but they’ll be quite small.

WOMAN: And could I get a private (Q2) lesson there?

OFFICIAL: I think so … let me check, yes, they do offer those. Though in fact most of the people who attend the classes find it’s a nice way of getting to know one another.

WOMAN: I suppose it must be, yes.

OFFICIAL: And this company has a special deal for clients where they offer a discount of 20 percent (Q3) if you return for a further class.

WOMAN: OK. But you said there were several classes?

OFFICIAL: That’s right. Another one you might be interested in is Bond’s Cookery School. They’re quite new, they just opened six months ago, but I’ve heard good things about them. They concentrate on teaching you to prepare healthy (Q4) food, and they have quite a lot of specialist staff.

WOMAN: So is that food for people on a diet and things like that? I don’t know if I’d be interested in that.

OFFICIAL: Well, I don’t think they particularly focus on low calorie diets or weight loss. It’s more to do with recipes that look at specific needs, like including ingredients that will help build up your bones (Q5) and make them stronger, that sort of thing.

WOMAN: I see. Well, I might be interested, I’m not sure. Do they have a website I could check?

OFFICIAL: Yes, just key in the name of the school – it’ll come up. And if you want to know more about them, every Thursday evening they have a lecture (Q6) at the school. It’s free and you don’t need to book or anything, just turn up at 7.30. And that might give you an idea of whether you want to go to an actual class.

OFFICIAL: OK, there’s one more place you might be interested in. That’s got a rather strange name, it’s called The Arretsa (Q7) Centre – that’s spelled A-R-R-E-T-S-A.

WOMAN: OK.

OFFICIAL: They’ve got a very good reputation. They do a bit of meat and fish cookery but they mostly specialise in vegetarian (Q8) dishes.

WOMAN: Right. That’s certainly an area I’d like to learn more about. I’ve got lots of friends who don’t eat meat. In fact, I think I might have seen that school today. Is it just by the market (Q9)?

OFFICIAL: That’s right. So they don’t have any problem getting their ingredients. They’re right next door. And they also offer a special two-hour course in how to use a knife (Q10). They cover all the different skills – buying them, sharpening, chopping techniques. It gets booked up quickly though so you’d need to check it was available.

WOMAN: Right, well thank you very much. I’ll go and …

剑桥雅思13 Test1 Section1雅思听力答案

1. choose

2. private

3. 20/twenty percent

4. healthy

5. bones

6. lecture

7. Arrestsa

8. vegetarian

9. market

10. knife

剑桥雅思12Test8Section4听力原文与答案 Noise in Cities

剑桥雅思12听力第八套题目第四部分的主题为城市中的噪音。文章一开始先介绍了噪音地图这一概念，然后分别说明噪音引发的各种问题，噪音的不同类型，人们的要求，以及噪音的不同内涵。下面是这段录音对应的原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 8 section 4 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test8Section4听力答案解析 Noise in cities

剑桥雅思12 test8 section4雅思听力原文

This lecture will be about the science of acoustics, the study of sound, in relation to urban environments such as cities. As an acoustic engineer myself, I think this is an area where we’re likely to see great changes. In the past, researching urban soundscapes was simple. We measured levels of sound in decibels, so I used to take my sound meter and I measured the noise somewhere, and then I might ask a sample of people to say at what level the sound became annoying.

With data like this, acoustic engineers have been able to build up what we call noise maps, maps of the sound environment. But actually these aren’t a lot of use. What they do show is that the highest noise levels are generally on roads — well, that’s not really very surprising. But there’s quite a lot going on that these maps don’t show, because they can’t capture the complex way that sound varies over time. So they ignore important issues such as the noise someone might hear from the open windows or gardens (Q31) of their neighbours, and this sort of noise can be quite significant in summer. We don’t have any databases on this sort of information. As well as that, these records of sound levels take no account of the fact that people vary in their perceptions of noise — so someone like me with years of working in acoustics might be very different from you in that regard.

But anyway, even though these noise maps are fairly crude, they’ve been useful in providing information and raising awareness that noise matters, we need to deal with it and so it’s a political (Q32) matter. And that’s important – we need rules and regulations because noise can cause all sorts of problems.

Those of you who are city-dwellers know that things go on 24 hours a day, so city-dwellers often suffer from interrupted sleep. It’s also known that noise can lead to a rise in levels of stress, due to physical changes in the body affecting the composition of the blood. And there are other problems as well, for instance if schoolchildren don’t have a quiet place to study, their work (Q33) will suffer.

Now, one problem with decibel measurement is that it doesn’t differentiate between different types of noise. Some types of sounds that most people would probably think of as nice and relaxing might well score quite highly in decibel levels – think of the sound made by a fountain (Q34) in a town square, for example. That’s not necessarily something that we’d want to control or reduce. So maybe researchers should consider these sorts of sounds in urban design. This is going to be tricky because just measuring decibel levels isn’t going to help us here. Instead, many researchers are using social (Q35) science techniques, studying people’s emotional response to sound by using questionnaires and so on.

So what exactly do people want to hear in an urban environment? Some recent interdisciplinary research has come out with results that at first sight seem contradictory – a city needs to have a sense of activity so it needs to be lively (Q36) with sounds like the clack of high heels on a pavement or the hiss of a coffee machine, but these mustn’t be too intrusive, because at the same time we need to be able to relax.

One of the major problems in achieving this will be getting architects and town planners to use the research. Apart from studying the basics of acoustics, these people receive very little training (Q37) in this area. But in fact they should be regarding sound as an opportunity to add to the experience of urban living, whereas at present they tend to see it as something to be avoided or reduced as far as possible, or something that’s just a job for engineers like the street drainage system.

What’s needed is for noise in cities to be regarded as an aesthetic quality, as something that has the qualities of an art form. If we acknowledge this, then we urgently need to know what governs it and how designers can work with it. We need to develop a complex understanding of many factors. What is the relationship between sound and culture (Q38)? What can we learn from disciplines such as psychology about the way that sound interacts with human development and social relationships, and the way that sound affects our thought and feelings? Can we learn anything from physics about the nature (Q39) of sound itself?

Today’s powerful technologies can also help us. To show us their ideas and help us to imagine the effect their buildings will have, architects and town planners already use virtual reality – but these programs are silent (Q40). In the future such programs could use realistic sounds, meaning that soundscapes could be explored before being built. So hopefully, using the best technology we can lay our hands on, the city of the future will be a pleasure to the ears as well as the eyes.

剑桥雅思12 Test8 Section4雅思听力答案

31. garden(s)

32. political

33. work/study

34. fountain

35. social

36. lively

37. training

38. culture

39. nature

40. silent

剑桥雅思12Test8Section3听力原文与答案 presentation on film adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays

剑桥雅思12听力第8套题目第3部分的主题为莎士比亚戏剧改编。具体内容包括演讲的各个步骤，仍然需要完成的工作，以及对不同改编的评价。虽然讨论的内容比较新颖，但结构和本质仍然是课堂演讲的老一套。下面是这段录音对应的原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 8 section 3 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test8Section3听力答案解析 presentation on film adaptation of Shakespeare’s plays

剑桥雅思12 test8 section3雅思听力原文

KATIE: Joe, you know I’m giving a presentation in our film studies class next week?

JOE: Yes.

KATIE: Well, could we discuss it? I could do with getting someone else’s opinion.

JOE: Of course, Katie. What are you going to talk about?

KATIE: It’s about film adaptations of Shakespeare’s plays. I’ve got very interested in all the different approaches that film directors take.

JOE: Uhuh.

KATIE: So I thought I’d start with Giannetti, who’s a professor of film and literature. And in one of his books he came up with a straightforward classification (Q21) of film adaptations based on how faithful they are to the original plays and novels.

JOE: Right.

KATIE: I’ve already made some notes on that, so I just need to sort those out before the presentation. I thought that next I’d ask the class to come up with the worst (Q22) examples of Shakespeare adaptations that they’ve seen, and to say why. That should be more fun than having their favourite versions.

JOE: Yes, I can certainly think of a couple!

KATIE: Right. Next I want to talk about Rachel Malchow. I came across something on the internet about her work on film adaptations, and I was thinking of showing some film clips to illustrate her ideas.

JOE: Will you have enough time, though? Both to prepare and during the presentation? After all, I doubt if you’ll be able to find all the clips you want.

KATIE: Hmm. Perhaps you’re right. OK, well, I’d better do some slides (Q23) instead, saying how various films relate to what she says. That should encourage discussion.

JOE: Mmm.

KATIE: Next I want to say something about how plays may be chosen for adaptation because they’re concerned with issues (Q24) of the time when the film is made.

JOE: You mean things like patriotism, or the role of governments?

KATIE: Exactly. It’s quite tricky, but I’ve got a few ideas I’d like to discuss.

KATIE: And finally I want to talk about a few adaptations that I think illustrate a range of approaches, and make some comments on them. Do you know the Japanese film Ran?

JOE: I haven’t seen it. It was based on Shakespeare’s King Lear, wasn’t it?

KATIE: That’s right. It was a very loose adaptation, using the same situation and story, but moving it to 16th century Japan instead of 16th century Britain (Q25). So for example the king’s daughters become sons, because in Japanese culture at that time, women couldn’t succeed to the throne.

JOE: OK. I hope you’re going to talk about the 1993 film of Much Ado About Nothing. I think that’s one of the best Shakespeare films. It really brings the play to life, doesn’t it?

KATIE: Yes, I agree. And I think filming it in Italy, where the play is set, makes you see what life was like at the time of the play (Q26).

JOE: Absolutely. Right, what’s next?

KATIE: Er, next. I thought Romeo & Juliet, the 1996 film, which moves the action into the present day (Q27).

JOE: Yes, it worked really well, I thought — changing the two feuding families in the original to two competing business empires, even though they’re speaking in the English of the original play.

KATIE: You’d expect it would sound really bizarre, but I found I soon got used to it.

JOE: Me too.

KATIE: Then I thought I’d include a real Hollywood film, one that’s intended to appeal to a mass commercial audience.

JOE: There must be quite a number of those.

KATIE: Yes，but I’ve picked the 1996 film of Hamlet. It included every line of the text，but it’s more like a typical action hero movie (Q28)— there are loads of special effects, but no unifying interpretation of the play.

JOE: All show and no substance.

KATIE: Exactly. Then there’s Prospero’s Books, based on The Tempest. That was really innovative, from a stylistic point of view.

JOE: Didn’t it include dance and singing and animation as well as live actors (Q29).?

KATIE: Yes, it did. I also want to mention Looking for Richard. Did you ever see it?

JOE: No. But I’ve read about it. It was a blend of a documentary with a few scenes from Richard III, wasn’t it (Q30)?

KATIE: That’s right. It’s more a way of looking into how people nowadays connect with the playwright — the play is really just the starting point. And that’ll be where I finish.

JOE: Well, it sounds as though it’ll be very interesting.

剑桥雅思12 Test8 Section3雅思听力答案

21. classification

22. worst

23. slides

24. issues

25. F

26. A

27. E

28. C

29. G

30. B

剑桥雅思12Test8Section2听力原文与答案 visiting the sheepmarket area

剑桥雅思12听力第8套题目第2部分介绍了某个曾经的市场，内容包括市场目前的居民，特色产品，免费停车条件，以及具体布局等。下面是这段音频对应的原文与题目答案。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 8 section 2 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test8Section2听力答案解析 visiting the sheepmarket area

剑桥雅思12 test8 section2雅思听力原文

Welcome to this podcast about the Sheepmarket, which is one of the oldest parts of the city. As its name suggests, there was originally a market here where farmers brought their sheep, but now it’s been redeveloped into a buzzing, vibrant area of the city, which is also home to one of the city’s fastest-growing communities. The nearby university has always meant the area’s popular with students, who come in to enjoy the lively nightlife, but now graduates embarking on careers in the worlds of fashion and design are buying up the new apartments recently built here to replace the small houses where the market workers used to live (Q11).

The narrow old side streets are great places for finding original pictures, jewellery and ceramics (Q12) which won’t break the bank, as well as local produce like fruit and vegetables. There’s also lots of pavement cafes where you can have a coffee and watch tourists from all over the world go by. The oldest buildings in the area are on the main streets, including the city’s first department store, built in the 1880s, which is still open today.

The Sheepmarket is a centre for fashion, and there’s a policy of encouraging new young designers. The Young Fashion competition is open to local young people who are passion about fashion. This year they’ve been asked to design an outfit based on ideas from the music and technology that’s part of their everyday life (Q13), using both natural and man-made fibres. The garments will be judged by a panel of experts and fashion designers, and the winning entries will be modelled at a special gala evening.

Parking at the Sheepmarket is easy. There are plenty of pay and display car parking spaces on the roadsides which are fine if you just want to stay for an hour or two, but if you want to spend the day there it’s better to park in one of the four underground car parks. It’s not expensive and if you can present a receipt from one of the local stores, you’ll not be charged at all (Q14). After six pm many of the car parks have a flat rate which varies but it is usually very reasonable.

The Sheepmarket is one of the main centres for art and history in the whole of the country. If you look at our map, you’ll see some of the main attractions there. Most visitors start from Crawley Road, at the bottom of the map. The Reynolds House is one of the oldest houses in the city, and is open to the public. It’s on the north side of Crawley Road, next to the footpath that leads to the public gardens (Q15).

The area’s particularly interesting for its unusual sculptures. ‘The Thumb‘ is just what its name suggests. But it’s about 10 metres high. You’ll see it on Hill Road, across the road from the Bank (Q16).

The Museum‘s got a particularly fine collection of New Zealand landscapes. It’s on the east side of the Sheepmarket, on City Road. It’s on the other side of the road from the public gardens, immediately facing the junction with Hill Road (Q17).

The Contemporary Art Gallery is on a little road that leads off Station Square, not far from the public gardens. The road ends at the gallery — it doesn’t go anywhere else (Q18). That’s open every day except Mondays.

The Warner Gallery specialises in 19th-century art. It’s on City Road, near the junction with Crawley Road, on the same side of the road as the public gardens (Q19). It’s open on weekdays from 9 to 5, and entry is free.

Finally, if you’re interested in purchasing high quality artwork, the place to go is Nucleus. You need to go from Crawley Road up through Station Square and east along Hill Road until you get to a small winding road turning off. Go up there and it’s on your right — if you get to City Road you’ve gone too far (Q20).

剑桥雅思12 Test8 Section2雅思听力答案

11. A

12. C

13. B

14. B

15. H

16. C

17. F

18. G

19. I

20. B

剑桥雅思12Test8Section1听力原文与答案 cycle tour leader: applicant enquiry

剑桥雅思12听力第8套题目第1部分的主题为应聘骑行领队。内容包括想要应聘的工作类型，曾经的工作经历，目前所做的职业，空闲时间，食物要求，联系方式，以及面试安排等。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 8 section 1 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test8Section1听力答案解析 Cycle tour leader: Applicant enquiry

剑桥雅思12 test8 section1雅思听力原文

BOB: Hello, Pembroke Cycling Holidays, Bob speaking.

MARGARET: Oh hello. I’ve seen your advert for people to lead cycle trips. Are you the right person to speak to?

BOB: Yes, I am, Could I have your name, please?

MARGARET: It’s Margaret Smith.

BOB: Are you looking for a permanent job, Margaret?

MARGARET: No, temporary (Q1). I’ve got a permanent job starting in a few months’ time, and I want to do something else until then.

BOB: What work do you do?

MARGARET: This will probably sound crazy — I used to be a lawyer, and then I made complete career change, and I’m going to be a doctor (Q2). I’ve just finished my training.

BOB: Right. And have you had any experience of leading cycle trips?

MARGARET: Yes, I’ve led several bike tours in Africa (Q3). The trip to India that I had arranged to lead next month has now been cancelled, so when I saw you were advertising for tour leaders, I decided to apply.

BOB: OK. Now we normally have two or three leaders on a trip, depending on the size of the group. Some tours are for very experienced cyclists, but we’ve got a tour coming up soon in Spain, which is proving so popular we need an additional leader. It’s a cycling holiday for families. Would that suit you?

MARGARET: It certainly would. I enjoy working with children, and I probably need some more experience before I go on a really challenging trip.

BOB: That tour includes several teenagers: have you worked with that age group before?

MARGARET: Yes, I’m a volunteer worker in a youth (Q4) club, where I help people to improve their cycling skills.

MARGARET: Before that I helped out in a cycling club where I taught beginners.

BOB: Well that’s great. Now the trip I mentioned is just for a fortnight, but there might be the possibility of leading other tours after that. Would that fit in with your plans?

MARGARET: That’d be fine. I’ll be free for five months. My job is due to start on October the 2nd. and I’m available from May (Q5) the 1st until late September.

BOB: Good. Now is there anything I need to know about the food you eat? We usually have one or two people in the group who don’t eat meat, or have some sort of food allergy, so we’re always very careful about that.

MARGARET: Yes, I’m allergic to cheese (Q6). Would that be a problem?

BOB: No, as long as we have enough notice, we can deal with that.

MARGARET: That’s great.

MARGARET: It sounds really interesting — would you like me to fill in an application form?

BOB: Yes, please. Where should I post it to?

MARGARET: Could you send it to 27 Arbuthnot (Q7) Place — A-R-B-U-T-H-N-O-T — Place. Dumfries.

BOB: And what’s the postcode, please?

MARGARET: DG74PH (Q8).

BOB: Was that P Papa or B Bravo?

MARGARET: p papa.

BOB: Got that. If you could return the application form by Friday this week, we can interview you on Tuesday (Q9)next week. Say half past two. Would that be possible for you?

MARGARET: Yes, it’s fine. You’re quite a long way from where I live, so I’ll drive over on Monday. Should I bring anything to the interview?

BOB: We’ll have your application form, of course, but we’ll need to see any certificates you’ve got that are relevant, in cycling, first aid, or whatever.

MARGARET: OK.

BOB: And at the interview we’d like to find out about your experience of being a tour guide. So could you prepare a ten-minute talk (Q10) about that please? You don’t need slides or any complicated equipment — just some notes.

MARGARET: Right. I’ll start thinking about that straightaway!

BOB: Good. Well, we’ll look forward to receiving your application form, and we’ll contact you to confirm the interview.

MARGARET: Thanks very much.

BOB: Thank you, Margaret. Goodbye.

MARGARET: Bye.

剑桥雅思12 Test8 Section1雅思听力答案

1. temporary

2. doctor

3. Africa

4. youth

5. May

6. cheese

7. Arbuthnot

8. DG7 4PH

9. Tuesday

10. talk/presentation

剑桥雅思12Test7Section4听力原文与答案 the effects of environmental change on birds

剑桥雅思12听力第7套题目第4部分的主题为环境变化对鸟类的影响。具体内容包括水银在食物链中的传递，水银对鸟类的各种影响，以及这种现象对人类的危害。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 7 section 4 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test7Section4听力答案解析 The effects of environmental change on birds

剑桥雅思12 test7 section4雅思听力原文

OK, so we’ve been looking at how man-made changes in our environment can affect wildlife. Now I’ll discuss a particular example. Let’s take a look at mercury. Mercury’s one of the 120 or so elements that make up all matter, and it has the symbol Hg. It’s a shiny, silvery substance. You may have seen it in old-fashioned thermometers, but it’s not used much for domestic purposes now because it’s highly toxic.

But the problem is that the amount of mercury in the environment’s increasing. The main reason for this is the power plants used to produce electricity. The main source of energy that most of them use is still coal, and when it’s burned it releases mercury into the atmosphere. Some of this gets deposited into lakes and rivers, and if it’s ingested by a fish it’s not excreted, it stays in the fish’s body and it enters the food chain. So it’s been known for some time that birds which eat fish may be affected, but what wasn’t known until quite recently is that those that eat insects (Q31) can also be affected.

So a woman called Claire Varian-Ramos is doing some research on how this is affecting birds.

And rather than looking at how many birds are actually killed by mercury poisoning, she’s looking for more subtle sub-effects. And these may be to do with the behavior (Q32) of the birds，or with the effect of mercury on the way their brain works, so whether it leads to problem with memory for example. And she’s particularly focusing on the effects of mercury on bird song. Now，the process of song learning happens at a particular stage in the birds’ development, and what you may not know is that a young bird seems to acquire this skill by listening to the songs produced by its father (Q33), rather than by any other bird.

And Varian-Ramos has already found in her research that if young male birds are exposed to mercury, if they eat food contaminated with mercury , then the songs they produce aren’t as complex (Q34) as those produced by other birds. So quite low-level exposure to mercury is likely to have an impact on male birds in a natural situation, because it can mean that they’re less attractive to female birds, and so it can affect their chances of reproduction (Q35).

Now the way she’s carrying out this research is worth thinking about. She’s using a mixture of studies using birds kept in laboratories, and studies carried out outdoors in the wild. The lab-based studies have the advantage that you don’t get all the variables you would in a natural setting. so the experimenter has a much higher level of control (Q36), and that means they can be more confident about their results in some ways. And of course they don’t have to worry about going out and finding the birds in order to observe them.

So what are the implications here for humans? Well, because many birds are migratory they may be transporting mercury far from contaminated sites. For example, it’s been found that ducks (Q37) who’d been feeding at a contaminated site were later shot by hunters over a thousand kilometres away and presumably eaten. But these birds likely had mercury levels high enough to warrant concern for human consumption.

In addition, going back to song learning by birds, we saw that this may be affected by mercury contamination. Well, we also know that in humans, mercury causes developmental delays in the acquisition of language (Q38), and in fact this process is very similar in the brain regions it involves and even the genes that are involved. But mercury contamination has other important implications for humans as well. It’s now known that an unborn child can be affected if the food (Q39) eaten by its mother contains high level of mercury , and these effects can be quite substantial.

In the end, it comes down to whether more value is placed on human economic wellbeing or environmental wellbeing. It’s true there are new regulations for mercury emissions from power plants, but these will need billions of dollars to implement, and increase costs (Q40) for everyone. Some argue that’s too much to pay to protect wildlife. But as we’ve seen, the issues go beyond that, and I think it’s an issue we need to consider very carefully.

剑桥雅思12 Test7 Section4雅思听力答案

31. insects

32. behaviour/behavior

33. father

34. complex/complicated

35. reproduction/breeding

36. control

37. duck(s)

38. language

39. food

40. cost(s)/price(s)/bill(s)

剑桥雅思12Test7Section3听力原文与答案 The Horton Castle Site

剑桥雅思12听力第7套题目第3部分的主题为某地的旅游业研究。录音分为两部分，前半部分描述他们的研究步骤，包括阅读相关文章、选择访谈对象、分析数据、撰写报告等。后半部分介绍了某一具体景点所存在的问题。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 7 section 3 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test7Section3听力答案解析 a tourism case study and the Horton Castle site

剑桥雅思12 test7 section3雅思听力原文

NATALIE: Dave, I’m worried about our case study. I’ve done a bit of reading, but I’m not sure what’s involved in actually writing a case study — I missed the lecture where Dr Baker talked us through it.

DAVE: OK, well it’s quite straightforward. We’ve got our focus – that’s tourism at the Horton Castle site. And you said you’d done some reading about it.

NATALIE: Yes, I found some articles and made notes of the main points.

DAVE: Did you remember to keep a record of where you got the information from (Q21)?

NATALIE: Sure. I know what a pain it is when you forget that.

DAVE: OK. so we can compare what we’ve read. Then we have to decide on a particular problem or need at our site. And then think about who we’re going to interview to get more information.

NATALIE: OK. So who’d that be? The people who work there (Q22)? And presumably some of the tourists too?

DAVE: Yes, both those groups. So we’ll have to go to the sites to do that, I suppose. But we might also do some of our interviewing away from the sites – we could even contact some people here in the city, like administrators involved in overseeing tourism (Q23).

NATALIE: OK. So we’ll need to think about our interview questions and fix times and places for the meetings. It’s all going to take a lot of time.

DAVE: Mmm. And if we can, we should ask our interviewees if they can bring along some numerical data that we can add to support our findings.

NATALIE: And photographs?

DAVE: I think we have plenty of those already. But Dr Baker also said we have to establish with our interviewees whether we can identify them in our case study, or whether they want to be anonymous (Q24).

NATALIE: Oh, I wouldn’t have thought of that. OK, once we’ve got all this information, I suppose we have to analyse it.

DAVE: Yes, put it all together and choose what’s relevant to the problem we’re focusing on, and analyse that carefully to find out if we can identify any trends or regularities there (Q25). That’s the main thing at this stage, rather than concentrating on details or lots of facts.

NATALIE: OK. And then once we’ve analysed that, what next?

DAVE: Well, then we need to think about what we do with the data we’ve selected to make it as clear as possible to our readers. Things like graphs, or tables, or charts…

NATALIE: Right.

DAVE: Then the case study itself is mostly quite standard; we begin by presenting the problem, and giving some background, then go through the main sections, but the thing that surprised me is that in a normal report we’d end with some suggestions to deal with the problem or need we identified. But in a case study we end up with a question or a series of questions to our readers. And they decide what ought to be done (Q26).

NATALIE: Oh, I hadn’t realised that.

NATALIE: So basically, the problem we’re addressing in our case study of the Horton Castle site is why so few tourists are visiting it. And we’ll find out more from our interviews, but I did find one report on the internet that suggested that one reason might be because as far as transport goes, access is difficult.

DAVE: I read that too, but that report was actually written ten years ago, when the road there was really bad, but that’s been improved now. And I think there’s plenty of fascinating stuff there for a really good day out. But you’d never realise it from the castle website – maybe that’s the problem (Q27).

NATALIE: Yes, it’s really dry and boring.

DAVE: I read somewhere a suggestion that what the castle needs is a visitor centre. So we could have a look for some information about that on the internet. What would we need to know?

NATALIE: Well, who’d use it for a start? It’d be good to know what categories the visitors fell into too, like school parties or retired people, but I think we’d have to talk to staff to get that information.

DAVE: OK. And as we’re thinking of suggesting a visitor centre we’d also have to look at potential problems. I mean, obviously it wouldn’t be cheap to set up.

NATALIE: No, but it could be a really good investment. And as it’s on a historical site it’d need to get special planning permission, I expect. That might be hard (Q28).

DAVE: Right, especially as the only possible place for it would be at the entrance, and that’s right in front of the castle.

NATALIE: Mmm.

DAVE: But it could be a good thing for the town of Horton. At present it’s a bit of a ghost town. Once they’ve left school and got any skills or qualifications. The young people all get out as fast as they can to get jobs in the city. And the only people left are children and those who’ve retired (Q29).

NATALIE: Right. Something else we could investigate would be the potential damage that tourists might cause to the castle site, I mean their environmental impact. At present the tourists can just wander round wherever they want, but if numbers increase, there might have to be some restrictions, like sticking to marked ways. And there’d need to be guides and wardens around to make sure these were enforced (Q30).

DAVE: Yes, we could look at that too. OK, well …

剑桥雅思12 Test7 Section3雅思听力答案

21. C

22. E

23. H

24. B

25. A

26. F

27. A

28. C

29. B

40. B

剑桥雅思12Test7Section2听力原文与答案 BC travel Fitness Holidays

剑桥雅思12听力第7套题目第2部分介绍了某个旅行社所组织的各种项目。具体内容包括其用户的年龄段，某一种旅行受欢迎的原因，以及painting holidays，cooking holidays，photography holidays，和fitness holidays的相关信息。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 7 section 2 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test7Section2听力答案解析 BC travel fitness holidays

剑桥雅思12 test7 Section2雅思听力原文

In this session in your training day we’re going to look at some of the more specialised holidays we offer at BC Travel. Now, the travel business is very competitive and it’s important to be aware of how the market’s changing and developing. In terms of age groups, the over-65s are an important market, and one that’s increasing steadily year on year (Q11). The fewest holidays are taken by the 31 to 42-year-olds, and that figure shows no sign of rising. The biggest market at present is still the youngest group, the 16 to 30s, but this group’s also seen the biggest drop over the last few years, whereas there’s a noticeable growth in the number of holidays taken by the 55 to 64-year-olds (Q12). As far as the 43 to 54-year-olds are concerned, bookings there are steady, but I have to say we haven’t seen the increase we expected.

One trend we’re noticing with nearly all age groups is the growing popularity of holidays in which clients do some kind of specialised activity. I’m not talking here about adventure holidays, where clients take part in high-risk activities like white water rafting just for the thrill of it. Activity holidays usually involve rather less high-risk sports, or things like art and music. They’re not necessarily cheaper than ordinary holidays, often the opposite, in fact. But they do often take place outside the main tourist centres, which gives an opportunity for clients to find out more about the local people and customs (Q13), and many say this is one of the most positive features of these holidays. Of course, they offer the chance to develop a new skill or talent, but clients often say that more than this. It’s the chance to create lasting relationships with other like-minded people that’s the main draw (Q14).

Let me give you some examples of BC Travel activity holidays. Our painting holidays take place in four different centres in France and Italy and they’re very popular with clients of all abilities from beginners onwards. We’ve got an excellent team of artists to lead the classes – some of them have been with us from the start. And five additional ones will be joining us this year (Q15) so that we can offer a greater number of classes in each centre.

As far as cooking holidays are concerned, I know a lot of agents offer holidays where clients cook recipes related to one particular country, usually the one they’re staying in. But we focus on dishes from a great many different ones (Q16). Apart from that you’ll find the usual emphasis on good quality, organic ingredients – that’s more or less a given nowadays – and there are generally some meat-free recipes included.

Our photography holidays take place in a wide range of countries from Iceland to Vietnam, and clients have the opportunity to see some stunning scenery. Groups are small, no more than eight, so clients can have one-on-one tuition during the holiday (Q17), and excursions are arranged with fully-trained guides. At the end of each holiday an exhibition is held of the photographs taken so that clients can see one another’s work and receive valuable feedback from the tutor.

Finally, let me tell you about our fitness holidays. In Ireland and Italy we run one-week general fitness classes for all ages and levels of fitness. Clients start the course with a consultation with a trainer, and together they draw up an individual programme. As well as improving general fitness, clients find that they end up losing much of the stress (Q18) they’ve built up in their daily lives.

In Greece, we have a two-week holiday for clients who want to do something about their weight (Q19). This has all the features you’d expect, like a personalised diet programme, but one of its most popular features is that the exercise classes are all held on the beach. People say it’s far preferable to being in a gym.

Finally, we offer several holidays in Morocco. One very popular one is the mountain biking holiday. Bikes are provided and there are different routes according to people’s ability. We offer one which is tailored to the needs of families (Q20), which is particularly popular. OK, so that’s about all the time I have today, so thank you very much

剑桥雅思12 test 7 Section 2雅思听力答案

11-12. DE

13-14. AC

15. C

16. B

17. A

18. stress

19. weight

20. families

剑桥雅思12Test7Section1听力原文与答案 Public Library

剑桥雅思12听力第7套题目第1部分的主题为公共图书馆介绍。内容包括图书馆目前拥有的各项资源，为小孩提供的服务，为成年人提供的服务，以及一些其他相关信息。下面是这部分对应的听力原文与答案。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 7 section 1 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test7Section1听力答案解析 Public Library

剑桥雅思12 test7 Section1雅思听力原文

SUSIE: Hello?

PAUL: Hi, Susie, it’s Paul here. How are you? Enjoying your new job? You’re working at the library, aren’t you?

SUSIE: Yes. I started when the library re-opened a month ago. It’s great.

PAUL: Actually Carol and I have been meaning to join for a while.

SUSIE: Oh, you should. It doesn’t cost anything, and the new library has all sorts of facilities. It’s not just a place where you borrow books. For instance, there’s an area with comfortable seats where you can sit and read the magazines they have there. Some people spend the whole morning there.

PAUL: Mmm. Wish I had that amount of time to spend!

SUSIE: Yes, you must be pretty busy at present, with the children and everything?

PAUL: We are, yes. But we’re hoping to get away this summer. We’re thinking of going to Greece.

SUSIE: Well, we’ve got a much larger section of the library devoted to travel (Q1) books now, so you should come and have a look. I can’t remember if there’s anything specifically on Greece, but I should think so.

PAUL: OK. Now Carol’s organising a project for the history class she teaches at school – it’s about life in the town a hundred years ago. Do you have anything that might be useful?

SUSIE: Yes, actually we’ve now got a new section with materials on the history (Q2) of the town and surrounding region.

PAUL: Right. I’ll tell her. You can’t always find that sort of thing on the internet. Now in the old library there used to be a separate room with reference books. It was a really nice quiet room.

SUSIE: Yes. We’ve put those books in the main part of the library now, but we do have a room called the community room. It can be hired out for meetings. But at other times people can use it to study (Q3).

PAUL: I might use that. It’s hard to find anywhere quiet at home sometimes.

SUSIE: I can’t remember how old your son and daughter are. We’ve introduced a special section of fiction written specially for teenagers (Q4), but they might be a bit young for that?

PAUL: Yes, they would be.

SUSIE: Well, we do have lots of activities for younger children.

PAUL: Yes?

SUSIE: For example we have a Science Club. At the next meeting, they’re going to be doing experiments with stuff that everyone has in the kitchen (Q5) – sugar and flour and so on.

PAUL: They might be interested, yes.

SUSIE: And we have a competition for children called Reading Challenge. That doesn’t begin until after the end of term. They have to read six books, and they get a certificate if they manage it.

PAUL: So that gives them something to do while they’re on holiday, instead of getting bored.

SUSIE: That’s the idea. And there’s special activities for adults too. On Friday we have a local author called Tanya Streep who’s going to be talking about her new novel. It’s called “Catch the Mouse” and she based the story on a crime (Q6) that actually took place here years ago.

PAUL: Right. We’re not free on Friday, but I’ll look out for the book.

SUSIE: Now this probably isn’t for you, but we do have IT support available for members. We get quite a few older people coming along who are wanting to get up to speed with computer technology. It’s on Tuesday mornings – they don’t need to make an appointment (Q7) or anything, they just turn up.

PAUL: Well, my mother might be interested, I’ll let her know.

SUSIE: OK. And there’s another service which you wouldn’t expect from a library, which is a free medical check-up. The hospital arranges for someone to come along and measure the level of sugar (Q8) in your blood, and they check cholesterol levels at the same time.

PAUL: Really?

SUSIE: Yes, but that’s only for the over-60s, so you wouldn’t qualify.

PAUL: OK, Well, I’ll tell my mother, she might be interested.

SUSIE: What other information… Well, we do have a little shop with things like wall charts and greetings cards, and also stamps (Q9), so you can post the cards straightaway, which is really useful.

PAUL: Yeah. Well, I’ll bring the children round at the weekend and we’ll join. Oh, one more thing – I’ll be bringing the car, is there parking (Q10) available?

SUSIE: Yes. and it’s free in the evening and at weekends.

PAUL: Perfect. Well, thanks, Susie, see you soon.

剑桥雅思12 Test7 Section1雅思听力答案

1. travel

2. history

3. study

4. teenagers

5. kitchen

6. crime

7. appointment/booking

8. sugar

9. stamps

10. parking

剑桥雅思12Test6Section4听力原文与答案 conflict at work

剑桥雅思12听力第六套题目第四部分的主题为工作中的冲突。录音先介绍了冲突的定义和产生的原因，随后说明CEO和其他管理者为什么会引发冲突，最后介绍减少冲突的办法。下面是这段录音对应的文本。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 6 section 4 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test6Section4听力答案解析 Conflict at work

剑桥雅思12 test6 Section4雅思听力原文

Over the years, attitudes towards workers have changed considerably. After all, there was a time when workers had no rights at all, and laboured in appalling conditions. Conditions have improved a lot, but conflict in the workplace is still common. And human resources managers nowadays need to be able to deal with it when necessary.

What is conflict in the workplace? Definitions vary, but I’m taking it to refer to a whole range of behaviours that the victim finds unacceptable, from minor, harmless arguments to – at the opposite extreme – physical violence. Much of this is covered by the term bullying (Q31), by which I mean one or more people behaving abusively or aggressively against another who is in a weaker position. Although all behaviour like this is a form of conflict, not all conflict can be described in these terms.

As with all human behaviour, there are numerous reasons for it. But often it’s caused by someone who feels the need to show their superiority (Q32) over someone else, in order to feel that they aren’t at the lowest level in a hierarchy or a group of people.

In some cases one person simply dislikes the other, on the basis that the personality (Q33) of one is in some way incompatible with that of the other person. A general habit of optimism in one person could make them intolerant of a colleague who’s constantly pessimistic – not that that justifies treating them badly, of course.

Some conflicts arise when people are more interested in promoting themselves and their team than in the company as a whole. These conflicts are called ‘structural‘ (Q34), and could come about, for example, when a sales team believe they are the only people in the business who do any useful work, and look down on behind-the-scenes administrators.

Conflict obviously affects the individuals concerned – the situation is likely to be very stressful for victims, resulting in their absence (Q35) from work, possibly for months. For the company, if no effort is made to deal with conflict, it can spiral out of control, and even lead to the breakdown of the business.

Some interesting work with chief executives – CEOs – has uncovered some of the reasons why they may treat colleagues badly. Many CEOs combine two opposing characteristics: confidence (Q36) – that is, the belief that they’re capable of great achievements – with a high level of anxiety, a fear of missing targets, whether set by themselves or by the directors of the company. This combination can make them respond badly to anyone who questions their decisions.

In a high pressure work environment, such characteristics become problematic. And it’s particularly difficult to tackle the situation where colleagues, managers and board members are all trying to achieve their own visions (Q37). When they can’t agree on strategic issues and on where they see the business going, there are real problems.

For managers at lower levels within the organisation, it might seem that an autocratic form of management – where the chief executive gives orders and everyone else has to obey – would see more conflict than others. Interestingly, though, a company with a more democratic (Q38) business model, can suffer more, when uncertainty about who to report to leads to conflicting demands.

Now I’ll say a little about dealing with the type of conflict that has harmful effects. Of course the ideal is to prevent it arising in the first place. A good manager, at any level, will make efforts to earn the respect (Q39) of the people they work with, particularly those who report to them. That will involve politeness in all communications, and treating them as equals who happen to have a different role within the organisation.

Sometimes, of course, conflict does occur, and can get out of hand. In such cases the human resources department often gets involved. However, if one of the parties in a conflict sees human resources as simply a mouthpiece for the chief executive, then an external mediator (Q40) might be able to help. By talking to both sides, and trying to find the truth of what’s been happening, they can build a clear picture of the situation, and give feedback that both sides will accept, precisely because they’re independent.

剑桥雅思12 Test6 Section4雅思听力答案

31. bullying

32. superiority

33. personality

34. structural

35. absence

36. confidence

37. visions

38. democratic

39. respect

40. mediator

剑桥雅思12Test6Section3听力原文与答案 Scandinavian Studies

剑桥雅思12听力第六套题目第三部分的主题为斯堪的纳维亚研究。录音内容包括James选择这一研究的原因，毕业之后的打算，这个学期的课程，论文主题，以及撰写论文的具体步骤等。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 6 section 3 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test6Section3听力答案解析 Scandinavian Studies

剑桥雅思12 test6 section3雅思听力原文

Beth: Oh good morning. You must be James. I’m Beth Cartwright – please call me Beth.

James: Thank you.

Beth: Now as this is your first tutorial since you started on the Scandinavian Studies course, I’d like to find out something about you. Why did you decide to take this course?

James: Well, my mother is Danish, and although we always lived in England, she used to talk about her home a lot, and that made me want to visit Denmark. We hardly ever did, though – my mother usually went on her own. But whenever her relations or friends were in England they always came to see us (Q21).

Beth: I see. So I assume you already speak Danish, one of the languages you’ll be studying.

James: I can get by when I talk to people, though I’m not terribly accurate.

Beth: Now you probably know that you’ll spend the third year of the course abroad. Have you had any thoughts about that?

James: I’m really looking forward to it. And although Denmark seems the obvious place to go, because of my family connections, I’d love to spend the time in Iceland.

Beth: Oh, I’m sure it can be arranged. Do you have any plans for when you graduate? A lot of students go on to take a master’s degree.

James: I think the four years of the undergraduate course will be enough for me. I’m interested in journalism, and I quite like the idea of moving to Scandinavia and writing for magazines (Q22). I’d find that more creative than translating, which I suppose most graduates do.

Beth: OK. Now how are you finding the courses you’re taking this term, James?

James: Well, I’m really enjoying the one on Swedish cinema.

Beth: That’ll continue next term, but the one on Scandinavian literature that’s running at the moment will be replaced by more specialised courses (Q23). Oh, and by the way, if you’re interested in watching Danish television programmes – there’s going to be a course on that the term after next.

James: That sounds good.

Beth: Have you started thinking about the literature paper that you have to write in the next few weeks?

James: Yes, my first choice would be to do something on the Icelandic sagas.

Beth: Hmm. The trouble with that is that a lot of people choose that topic, and it can be difficult to get hold of the books you’ll need. Why not leave that for another time?

James: Right.

Beth: You might find modern novels or 19th century playwrights interesting.

James: I’ve read or seen several plays in translation, so that would be a good idea (Q24).

Beth: Fine. I’ll put you down for that topic.

James: Right. So what would you advise me to aim at in the paper?

Beth: First I suggest you avoid taking one writer and going into a great deal of detail. That approach certainly has its place, but I think you first need to get an understanding of the literature in the context of the society in which it was produced – who it was written for, how it was published, and so on (Q25). I also think that’s more fruitful than placing it within the history of the genre.

James: OK, that sounds reasonable.

James: Could I ask for some advice about writing the paper I’m working on about the Vikings? I have to do that this week, and I’m a bit stuck.

Beth: Of course. Have you decided yet what to write about?

James: No, I haven’t. There’s so much that seems interesting – Viking settlement in other countries, trade, mythology…

Beth: Well, what I suggest is that you read an assignment a student wrote last year (Q26), which is kept in the library. It’s short and well focused, and I’m sure you’ll find it helpful. I’ll give you the details in a moment. Textbooks usually cover so many topics, it can be very difficult to choose just one.

James: OK. I’ve got a DVD of the film about the Vikings that came out earlier this year. Should I watch that again?

Beth: If it’s the one I am thinking of, hmm, I’d ignore it – it’s more fantasy than reality. But I’ve got a recording of a documentary that you should watch (Q27). It makes some interesting and provocative points, which I think will help you to focus your topic.

James: Right.

James: So then should I work out an outline (Q28)?

Beth: Yes. Just headings for different sections, at this stage. And then you should start looking for suitable articles and books to draw on, and take notes which you organise according to those headings (Q29).

James: I see.

Beth: Then put short phrases and sentences as bullet points under each heading (Q30). Make sure that this skeleton makes sense and flows properly, before writing up the paper in full.

James: OK. Thanks, that’s very helpful.

剑桥雅思12 Test6 Section3雅思听力答案

21. C

22. B

23. C

24. A

25. C

26. E

27. G

28. D

29. C

30. A

剑桥雅思12Test6Section2听力原文与答案 Theatre trip to Munich

剑桥雅思12听力第6套题目第2部分的主题为剧院之旅。内容明显分为两部分。前半部分介绍旅行的各种安排，包括饮食、接待人员、花费等;后半部分介绍从周三到周一的各种活动。下面是该段录音对应的文本以及题目答案。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 6 section 2 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test6Section2听力答案解析 Theater trip to Munich

剑桥雅思12 test6 section2雅思听力原文

Right. I’ve now almost succeeded in finalising plans for our tour, so I’ll bring you up to date with what I know

As you know, we’re flying first to Munich, on Monday the 4th.

The flight is at 11.30, so it’s too early to have lunch at the airport. I suggest we meet there for coffee at 10 (Q11), which should give us plenty of time for breakfast before we leave home.

When we arrive in Munich, we’ll be met at the airport by Claus Bauer. Claus works for a tour operator (Q12), and he’ll look after us for the time we’ll be in Germany. He’s already liaised with the managers of the theatres we’re going to visit, and he’s also arranged for an officer of the National Theatre in Munich to show us round the theatre one afternoon during our stay.

Now last time we discussed this trip, I didn’t have the precise cost for hotel rooms, but now I have. The normal rate at the hotel where we’re staying is 150 euros a night for a double room. I’d hoped to get that down to 120 euros, but in fact I’ve been able to negotiate a rate of 110 (Q13). That’ll be reflected in the final payment which you’ll need to make by the end of this week.

On Tuesday, the day after our arrival, I had hoped we could sit in on a rehearsal at one of the theatres, but unfortunately that’s proved very difficult to arrange, so instead we’ll have a coach trip to one of the amazing castles in the mountains south of Munich.

On Tuesday evening, we’ll all have dinner together in a restaurant near our hotel. From talking to you all about your preferences, it was clear that a typical local restaurant would be too meat-oriented for some of you. Some of you suggested an Italian restaurant, but I must confess that I decided to book a Lebanese one (Q14), as we have plenty of opportunities to go to an Italian restaurant at home.

On Wednesday afternoon, the director of the play we’re going to see that evening will talk to us at the theatre (Q15). She’ll describe the whole process of producing a play, including how she chose the actors, and, as the play we’re going to see is a modern one, how she worked with the playwright.

Right. Now I’d just like to make a few points about the plays we’re going to see, partly because it might influence your choice of clothes to take with you!

The play we’re seeing on Wednesday evening is a modern one, and we’re going to the premiere (Q16), so it’ll be quite a dressy occasion, though of course you don’t have to dress formally. I gather it’s rather a multimedia production, with amazing lighting effects and a soundtrack of electronic music, though unfortunately the playwright is ill and is unlikely to be able to attend.

On Thursday we’re seeing a play that was first performed last year, when it was commissioned to mark a hundred years since the birth in the town of a well-known scientist (Q17). We’re going to see a revival of that production, which aroused a lot of interest.

Friday’s play will really make you think hard about what clothes to pack, as it’ll be in the garden of a palace (Q18). It’s a beautiful setting, but I’d better warn you, there won’t be much protection from the wind.

On Saturday, we’re going by coach to a theatre in another town, not far from Munich. This will be the opening of a drama festival, and the mayor and all the other dignitaries of the town will be attending (Q19). After the performance, the mayor is hosting a reception for all the audience, and there’ll be a band playing traditional music of the region.

And after having a day off on Sunday, our final play is on Monday, and it’s in the stunning setting of the old Town Hall, which dates back to the 14th century (Q20). The performance marks the fifty years that the lead actor has been on stage, and the play is the one where he made his first professional appearance, all those years ago.

And the day after that, we’ll be flying back home. Now have you got any questions before I…

剑桥雅思12 Test6 Section2雅思听力答案

11. B

12. C

13. A

14. B

15. C

16. F

17. B

18. E

19. G

20. C

剑桥雅思12Test6Section1听力原文与答案 Events during Kenton Festival

剑桥雅思12听力第六套题目第 一部分介绍了某个节日的具体项目，考察内容包括开幕式的开始时间，表演人员，烟花地点，以及购票方式等。考察的知识点以场景单词为主，几乎没有我们所熟悉的日期、地址等。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 6 section 1 雅思听力高分词汇

剑桥雅思12Test6Section1听力答案解析 Events during Kenton Festival

剑桥雅思12 test6 Section1雅思听力原文

man: Good morning, Kenton Festival box office. How can I help you?

woman: Oh, good morning. I’m coming to Kenton for a few days’ holiday next month, and a friend told me there’s a festival. She gave me this number to find out about it.

man: That’s right, the festival begins on the 16th of May and goes on till the 19th.

woman: Oh, that’s great. I’ll be there from the 15th till the 19th. So could you tell me the programme, please?

man: Well, on the first day, there’s the opening ceremony, in the town centre. People start gathering around 2 o’clock, to get a good place to see from, and the events will start at 2.45 (Q1), and finish about 5.30.

woman: OK, thanks. I’ll make sure I get there early to get a good spot.

man: The festival will be officially opened by the mayor. He’ll just speak for a few minutes, welcoming everyone to the festival. All the town councillors will be there, and of course lots of other people.

woman: Right.

man: Then there’ll be a performance by a band (Q2). Most years we have a children’s choir, but this year the local army cadets offered to perform, and they’re very good.

woman: Uhuh.

man: After that, a community group from the town will perform a play (Q3) they’ve written themselves, just a short one. It’s about Helen Tungate. I don’t know if you’ve heard of her?

woman: I certainly have. She was a scientist (Q4) years ago.

man: That’s right. She was born in Kenton exactly 100 years ago, so we’re celebrating her centenary.

woman: I’m a biologist, so I’ve always been interested in her. I didn’t realise she came from Kenton.

man: Yes. Well, all that will take place in the afternoon, and later, as the sun sets, there’ll be a firework display. You should go to the park to watch, as you’ll get the best view from there, and the display takes place on the opposite side of the river (Q5). It’s always one of the most popular events in the festival.

woman: Sounds great.

woman: And what’s happening on the other days?

man: There are several events that go on the whole time. For example, the students of the art college have produced a number of videos, all connected with relationships between children and their grandparents (Q6).

woman: That sounds interesting. It makes a change from children and parents, doesn’t it!

man: Exactly. Because the art college is in use for classes, throughout the festival, the videos are being shown in Handsworth House.

woman: How do you spell the name?

man: H-A-N-D-S-W-O-R-T-H (Q7), Handsworth House. It’s close to the Town Hall.

woman: Right.

man: Now let me see, what else can I tell you about?

woman: Are there any displays of ballet dancing? I’m particularly interested in that as I do it as a hobby.

man: There isn’t any ballet, I’m afraid, but there’ll be a demonstration of traditional (Q8) dances from all round the country.

woman: Oh, that’d be nice. Where’s that being held?

man: It’s in the market in the town centre – the outdoor (Q9) one, not the covered market. And it’s on at 2 and 5 every afternoon of the festival, apart from the first day.

woman: Lovely. I’m interested in all kinds of dancing, so I’m sure I’ll enjoy that!

man: Mmm. I’m sure you will.

woman: And I’d really like to go to some concerts, if there are any.

man: Yes, there are several. Three performed by professionals, and one by local children.

woman: And where is it being held?

man: It’s in the library, which is in Park Street, on the 18th, at 6.30 in the evening.

woman: I presume I’ll need tickets for that.

man: Yes, you can book online, or you can buy them when you arrive in Kenton, either at the festival box office, or from any shops displaying our logo (Q10) in the windows.

woman: Well, I think that’ll keep me busy for the whole of my stay in Kenton. Thank you so much for all your help.

man: You’re welcome, I hope you enjoy your stay.

woman: Thank you. Goodbye.

剑桥雅思12 test 6 Section 1雅思听力答案

1. 2.45

2. band

3. play

4. scientist

5. river

6. grandparents

7. Handsworth

8. traditional

9. outdoor

10. logo

剑桥雅思12Test5Section4听力原文与答案 four business values

剑桥雅思12第五套题目第四部分的主题为四种商业价值，分别介绍了合作、勤奋、创造力与杰出这四项人们所推崇的价值背后可能存在的缺陷与隐患。下面是这段录音所对应的听力原文。

点击查看这篇雅思听力中需要大家掌握的重点词汇与具体题目的答案解析：

雅思备考听力篇 剑12 test 5 section 4 雅思听力高频词汇

剑桥雅思12Test5Section4听力答案解析 Four business values

剑桥雅思12 test5 Section4雅思听力原文

In public discussion of business, we take certain values for granted. Today, I am going to talk about four of them: collaboration, hard work, creativity and excellence. Most People would say they are all good things. I’m going to suggest that’s an over-simple view.

The trouble with these values is that they are theoretical concepts, removed from the reality of day-to-day business. Pursue values by all means, but be prepared for what may happen as a result. They can actually cause damage (Q31), which is not at all the intention.

Business leaders generally try to do the right thing. But all too often the right thing backfires if those leaders adopt values without understanding and managing the side effects (Q32) that arise. The values can easily get in the way of what is actually intended.

Ok. So the first value I am going to discuss is collaboration, Er, let me give you an example. On a management training course I once attended, we were put into groups and had to construct a bridge (Q33) across a stream, using building blocks that we were given. The rule was that everyone in the team had to move at least one building block during the construction. This was intended to encourage teamwork.

But it was really a job best done by one person. The other teams tried to collaborate on building the structure, and descended into confusion (Q34), with everyone getting in each other’s way. Our team leader solved the challenge brilliantly. She simply asked everyone in the team to move a piece a few centimeters, to comply with the rule, and then let the person in the team with an aptitude for puzzles like this build it alone. We finished before any other team. My point is that the task wasn’t really suited to teamworking, so why make it one?

Teamwork can also lead to inconsistency – a common cause of poor sales. In the case of a smartphone (Q35) that a certain company launched, one director wanted to target the business market, and another demanded it was aimed at consumers. The company wanted both directors to be involved, so gave the product a consumer-friendly name, but marketed it to companies. The result was that it met the needs of neither group. It would have better to let one director or the other have this way, not both.

Now industriousness, or hard work. It’s easy to mock people who say they work hard: after all, a hamster running around in a wheel is working hard and getting nowhere. Of course hard work is valuable, but only when properly targeted. Otherwise it wastes the resources (Q36) that companies value most – time and energy. And that’s bad for the organization.

There’s a management model that groups people according to four criteria: clever, hard-working, stupid and lazy. Here ‘lazy’ means having a rational determination not to carry out unnecessary (Q37) tasks. It doesn’t mean trying to avoid work altogether. Most people display two of these characteristics, and the most valuable people are those who are both clever and lazy: they possess intellectual clarity, and they don’t rush into making decisions. They come up with solutions to save the time and energy spent by the stupid and hard-working group. Instead of throwing more man-hours at a problem, the clever and lazy group looks for a more effective solution.

Next we come to creativity. This often works well – creating an attention-grapping TV commercial, for example, might lead to increased sales. But it isn’t always a good thing. Some advertising campaigns are remembered for their creativity, without having any effect on sales. This happened a few years ago with the launch of a chocolate bar (Q38); subsequent research showed that plenty of consumers remembered the advert, but had no idea what was being advertised. The troubles is that the creator derives pleasure from coming up with the idea, and wrongly assumes the audience for the campaign will share that feeling.

A company that brings out thousands of new products may seem more creative than a company that only has a few, but it may be too creative, and make smaller profits. Creativity needs to be targeted to solve a problem (Q39) that the company has identified. Just coming up with more and more novel products isn’t necessarily a good thing.

And finally, excellence. We all know companies that claim they ‘strive for excellence’, but it takes a long time to achieve excellence. In business, being first with a product is more profitable than having the best product. A major study of company performance compared pioneers – that is, companies bringing out the first version of a particular product – with followers, the companies that copied and improved on that product. The study found that the pioneers commanded an average market share (Q40) of 29 percent, while the followers achieved less than half that, only 13 percent – even though their product might have been better.

Insisting on excellence in everything we do is time-consuming, wastes energy and leads to losing out on opportunities. Sometimes, second-rate work is more worthwhile than excellence. “Make sure it’s excellent” sounds like a good approach to business, but the “just get-started” approach is likely to be more successful.

剑桥雅思12 Test5 Section4雅思听力答案

31. damage

32. side effects

33. bridge

34. confusion

35. smartphone

36. resources

37. unnecessary/not necessary

38. chocolate bar

39. problem

40. market share