convenience的音标

英 [kənˈviːniəns]

美 [kənˈviːniəns]

convenience的用法

n. 方便;适宜;便利;便利的事物(或设施);方便的用具

复数： conveniences

记忆技巧：con 共同 + ven 来 + ience 表状态 → 全部能来没有障碍 → 方便

convenience的例句

1.He was happy to make a detour for her convenience. 

为了她方便，他很乐意绕道。

2.Some TVRs have power steering and conveniences such as central locking and powered windows. 

一些特雷沃车型配有动力转向系统以及中央锁和电动窗之类的便利装置。

3.I rely too much on convenience food. 

我太依赖方便食品了。

4.A new general store has been built for the convenience of the residents. 

为便利居民，新建了一个百货商店。

5.A new general store has been built for the convenience of the residents. 

为便利居民，新建了一个百货商店。

convenience的常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1.It is convenience for people to live near a railway station.

住在火车站附近的人乘车很方便。

2.The building has all the modern conveniences.

这栋建筑装有各种现代化的设施。

3.There isn't public convenience there.

那里没有公共厕所。

convenience的常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

at one's convenience

在方便的时候,在适宜的地方 when and where it suits one

make a convenience of

过分利用某人 use sb too much

convenience的词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+convenience

fit one's convenience 适逢某人方便

make a convenience of sb 把某人当工具加以利用

offer〔provide〕 convenience 提供方便

形容词+convenience

great〔special〕 convenience 极为〔特别的〕方便

mutual convenience 相互的方便

household conveniences 家用设备

public convenience 公共厕所

various conveniences 各种便利

名词+convenience

toilet and lavatory conveniences 化妆室与洗手间

介词+convenience

at sb's convenience 在某人方便时,以某人认为合适的方式

for convenience 为了方便起见

of convenience 便利的

convenience+介词

convenience of ready reference 便于随时参考

convenience的真题例句

1.It is a convenience for work and life.

出自-四级2015年12月阅读原文

2.The various communication options at our fingertips today can be good for convenience and productivity—and at the same time very troublesome.

2018年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

3.Convenience and comfort in everyday life

出自-六级2012年12月阅读原文

4.The inconvenience of not being able to see the food you are buying is outweighed by the time saved and convenience of having the goods delivered.

2015年12月六级真题（套）听力 Section C

5.The convenience even leads fewer people to take public transport——an unwelcome side effect researchers have already found in ride- hailing services.

2018年高考英语北京卷 阅读理解 阅读D 原文

6.To enjoy the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

2019年高考英语江苏卷 单项填空 原文

discharge的音标

英 [dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ , ˈdɪstʃɑːdʒ]

美 [dɪsˈtʃɑːrdʒ , ˈdɪstʃɑːrdʒ]

discharge的用法

v. 准许(某人)离开;解雇;释放;排出;放出;流出

n. 排出(物);放出(物);流出(物);获准离开;免职;出院;退伍;(任务或职责的)履行，执行;(债务的)清偿

第三人称单数： discharges 现在分词： discharging 过去式： discharged 过去分词： discharged

discharge的例句

1.He has a broken nose but may be discharged today 

他鼻梁断了，但或许今天就能出院。

2.The goods will be sold for a fraction of their value in order to discharge the debt. 

货物将被贱价卖出以清偿债务。

3.The resulting salty water will be discharged at sea 

所产生的盐水将被排入大海。

4.They develop a fever and a watery discharge from their eyes 

他们开始发烧，眼睛里分泌出一种水状物。

5.Lewis was tried for unlawfully and dangerously discharging a weapon. 

刘易斯因非法和不安全的开枪而受到了审判。

discharge的常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1.After his discharge from the school, he went to Hongkong.

他离开学校后去了香港。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+discharge(+A)

1.The ship discharged at Shanghai Dock.

这艘船在上海卸货。

2.The pistol discharged accidentally.

手枪走火了。

3.The wound discharges constantly.

伤口不断流脓。

用作及物动词

S+discharge+ n./pron.

1.The workers were discharging cargoes.

工人们正在卸货。

2.The wound is still discharging pus.

这伤口仍在流脓。

3.Where do the sewers discharge their contents?

阴沟的水流到哪里?

discharge的常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

discharge from (v.+prep.)

遣走…,让…离走 send (sb) away; allow (sb) to leave

discharge into (v.+prep.)

放出,流出 give or send out

discharge of (v.+prep.)

执行(职责) perform

discharge的词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

形容词+discharge

dishonorable discharge 不光荣的退役

disruptive discharge 分裂性放电

general discharge 大批解雇

honorable discharge 光荣退伍

medical discharge 因健康原因退伍

discharge+名词

discharge pump 排水泵,排气泵

discharge+介词

discharge from 获准从…离开,从…获释

discharge from the army 退役

discharge from the hospital 获准出院

the discharge of one's duties 职责的执行

用作动词 (v.)

discharge+名词

discharge an arrow from a bow 射箭

discharge cargo 卸货

discharge a committee 解散委员会

discharge duty 履行责任

discharge errand 履行使命

discharge a gun 开枪

discharge obligation 履行义务

discharge a patient 让病人出院

discharge a person from office 免去某人职务

discharge a prisoner 释放犯人

discharge promise 履行诺言

discharge responsibility 履行职责

discharge a servant 解雇佣人

discharge smoke 冒烟

discharge a student 开除学生

discharge waste 倒垃圾

discharge+副词

discharge accidentally 意外走火了

discharge briskly 明智地离开

discharge constantly 不断流脓

discharge faithfully 忠实履行

discharge freely 排水顺畅

discharge fully 完全执行

discharge honorably 光荣退伍

discharge intelligently 理想地离开

discharge punctually 准时离开

discharge watchfully 警惕地执行

discharge out 排出

discharge+介词

discharge for 因…而解雇

discharge for dishonesty 因欺诈行为而解雇

discharge ...from 允许从…离开,放出,免除,从…上卸下

discharge from the army 复员

discharge from hospital 出院

discharge sb from office 免除某人的职务

discharge sb from service 解雇某人

discharge sth into a river 把…排入河流

discharge into the sea (江,河)流入大海

discharge a ship of one's cargo 卸下船上的货物

discharge oneself of one's duties 尽某人的职责

discharge upon 击中

dismantle的音标

英 [dɪsˈmæntl]

美 [dɪsˈmæntl]

dismantle的用法

v. 拆开，拆卸(机器或结构);(逐渐)废除，取消

第三人称单数： dismantles 现在分词： dismantling 过去式： dismantled 过去分词： dismantled

派生词： dismantling （n.）

dismantle的例句

1.He asked for immediate help from the United States to dismantle the warheads. 

他请求美国立即提供援助，拆除这批弹头。

2.Public services of all kinds are being dismantled. 

林林总总的公共设施正被逐渐废除。

3.I want to dismantle the wall too. 

我还想拆了这堵墙。

4.I have to try and dismantle that bomb. 

我必须试着拆掉炸弹。

5.If you dismantle me of my gun then no one will listen anymore. 

如果你拆掉了我的枪，那就没入会听我的了。

dismantle的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+ dismantle+n./pron.

1.The machinist dismantled the machine to see where the problem is.

机械师拆开机器，看问题出在哪。

2.The new government set about dismantling their predecessors' legislation.

府正着手废除其前任所制定的法律。

dismantle的词汇搭配

ability to dismantle 拆卸能力

dismantle的近义词

disassemble 解开 

demolish 拆毁 

undo 解开 

take apart 拆卸 

wreck 使…失事 

break up 结束，散会 

take down 记下，写下 

pull down 拉下 

pull to pieces 把 ... 撕成碎片

... pull apart 把 ... 拉开或拆开

take to pieces 拆散(拆卸) 

strip down 脱去 

knock down 击倒 

apart 相距 

take 拿 

strip 剥去 

break apart 分裂；解体 

level 数量 

rase <古>擦掉 

tear down 拆除 

raze 夷为平地

compromise的音标

英 [ˈkɒmprəmaɪz]

美 [ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz]

compromise的用法

n. 妥协;折中;互让;和解;妥协(或折中)方案;达成妥协(或和解)

v. (为达成协议而)妥协，折中，让步;违背(原则);达不到(标准);(尤指因行为不很明智)使陷入危险，使受到怀疑

第三人称单数： compromises 复数： compromises 现在分词： compromising 过去式： compromised 过去分词： compromised

compromise的例句

1.Encourage your child to reach a compromise between what he wants and what you want

鼓励孩子在他的愿望和你的愿望之间找到一个折中点。

2.The government has compromised with its critics over monetary policies 

政府已经就货币政策向批评人士作出让步。

3.He would rather shoot himself than compromise his principles. 

他宁愿一枪打死自己也不愿违背自己的原则。

4.Be ready and willing to make compromises between your needs and those of your partner

时刻准备好并乐意在自己与伴侣的需求之间作出让步。

5.The government's policy of compromise is not universally popular. 

政府的妥协政策并没有受到普遍欢迎。

compromise的常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1.The spokesman made it clear that no compromise was yet in sight.

发言人表明,目前还不会妥协。

2.There is no question that a new compromise will be reached.

新的妥协毫无疑问地会达成。

3.Both of them are too stubborn to agree a compromise.

他们两个都太固执,都不同意一项折中办法。

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+compromise(+A)

1.Let's compromise and each pay half the damages.

我们采取折中办法吧,每人付一半的赔偿费。

2.They compromised by going to the cinema.

他们采取折中的办法去看电影。

用作及物动词

S+compromise+ n./pron.

1.Such conduct will compromise your reputation.

这些举动将会损害你的名誉。

2.The malicious rumours compromised her good fame.

那些恶毒的谣言损坏了她的好名声。

compromise的常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

compromise with (v.+prep.)

向(某人)妥协 make an agreement with (sb) by allowing him part of his demands

compromise的词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+compromise

arrange a compromise 准备妥协

agree on〔reject〕 a compromise 同意〔拒绝〕妥协

come to a compromise 取得妥协

work out a compromise 制定一个折中方案

形容词+compromise

acceptable〔reasonable〕 compromise 可以接受〔合理〕的妥协方案

weak〔satisfactory〕 compromise 不稳固〔圆满〕的和解

compromise+名词

compromise agreement 折中协议

compromise+介词

compromise between... 介于…之间

compromise of...… 的让步

用作动词 (v.)

compromise+名词

compromise one's credit 有损自己的信誉

compromise one's difference 分歧得到和解

compromise one's dignity 损害自己的尊严

compromise a dispute 使争端和解

compromise friends 连累朋友

compromise a law suit 和解诉讼

compromise one's life 危及生命

compromise national security 危害国家安全

compromise one's reputation 损害自己的名誉

compromise these terms 根据这些条件进行和解

compromise+介词

compromise among evils 在各种弊病中妥协

compromise sth by one's own folly 由于自己愚蠢而损害自己的(名声)

compromise in 在…上妥协

compromise in matter of faith and conscience 拒绝在信仰和良心问题上妥协

compromise on 就…达成妥协

compromise on certain items 就某些项目达成妥协

compromise over 就…达成妥协

compromise over conditions 对条件取得和解

compromise with 与…妥协

compromise with sb about sth 与某人就某事和解

compromise with sb on sth 在某事上和某人妥协

compromise with sb over sth 在某事上和某人妥协

compromise with principle 违背原则

compromise的真题例句

1.It seems to me that a compromise would be receiving the exam questions a day or two in advance, and then doing the actual test in class with the ticking clock overhead.

2017年12月四级真题（套）阅读 Section B

2.Why do many women in rich countries compromise by having only one child

出自-六级2010年12月阅读原文

3.But you would never compromise on your vision?

2017年6月六级真题（套）听力 Section A

4.He did not compromise easily, but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause.

2016年高考英语江苏卷 单项填空 原文

5.The astronomy community is making compromises to change its use of Mauna Kea.

出自-2017年考研阅读原文

6.We neither understand nor respect each other, and we have no basis for compromise or cooperation.

2020年考研真题（英语一）翻译 Section Ⅲ

exemplify的音标

英 [ɪɡˈzemplɪfaɪ]

美 [ɪɡˈzemplɪfaɪ]

exemplify的用法

v. 是…的典型(或典范、榜样);举例说明;例证;例示

第三人称单数： exemplifies 现在分词： exemplifying 过去式： exemplified 过去分词： exemplified

派生词： exemplification （n.）

记忆技巧：exempl〔e〕举例 + ify 使… → 举例说明

exemplify的例句

1.The room's style exemplifies Conran's ideal of 'beauty and practicality'. 

那个房间的风格是体现康兰“美观和实用”观念的典范。

2.He turned out stories and sketches to exemplify the generalized jottings of his notebook.

他根据笔记里归纳起来的东西写了一些短篇小说和小品文。

3.Acts to exemplify the quality and environmental policies and leadership principles. 

体现质量和环境政策和领导原则。

4.The seven artists included in this exhibition exemplify the strategies and interpretative perspectives present in contemporary image dynamics. 

本次展览中的七位艺术家从不同方面例证了当代的图像动力学的内在机制和阐释视角。

5.I will exemplify my point with a story. 

我会用一个故事举例说明我的观点。

exemplify的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1.This painting exemplifies his style.

这幅画是他艺术风格的典型。

2.He exemplified the use of the word.

他举例说明那个词的用法。

exemplify的常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

exemplify in (v.+prep.)

〈正〉以…为例说明show an example of sth in form of sth

exemplify的近义词

demonstrate 证明 

illustrate 说明 

show 证明 

represent 表现 

typify 作为某人或某物的典型... 

epitomize 摘要 

embody 使具体化 

characterize 表示 ... 的典型... 

personify 拟人化 

instance 例子

exemplify的真题例句

1.If a team manager exemplifies such qualities, then the team as a whole would be better able to realize their potential and achieve their objectives.

出自-六级2015年12月听力原文

excess的音标

英 [ɪkˈses , ˈekses]

美 [ɪkˈses , ˈekses]

excess的用法

n. 超过;过度;过分;过多的量;超过的量;免赔额;自负额

adj. 超额的;额外的;附加的;过度的

复数： excesses

excess的例句

1.An excess of house plants in a small flat can be oppressive 

在小公寓中摆放过多室内植物会让人觉得很压抑。

2.After cooking the fish, pour off any excess fat 

烹完鱼后，倒掉多余的油。

3.She said she was sick of her life of excess. 

她说她厌倦了自己无节制的生活。

4.Staff who have to travel farther can claim excess travel expenses. 

需要到更远的地方出差的职员可以领取额外差旅费。

5.Avoid deposits in excess of £ 20,000 in any one account 

单一账户存款勿超过两万英镑。

excess的常见句型

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

excess+ n.

1.You'll have to pay excess postal charges on this letter.

这封信你必须付超重邮资。

2.The company must pay excess profits duty to the government.

公司须向政府缴纳额外所得税。

用作名词 (n.)

1.This excess of losses over profits will ruin the business.

亏损超出盈利会使生意一蹶不振。

2.She has an excess of anger.

她爱过度地生气。

3.She was charged an excess of 400 dollars over the amount stated on the bill.

向她索取的比账单上显示的数额多400美元。

excess的常用短语

用作名词 (n.)

in excess of

多于,超出 more than

to excess

过度,过量 an extreme degree

excess的词汇搭配

用作形容词 (adj.)

excess+名词

excess baggage 超重行李

excess details 过多的细节

excess fat 过多的脂肪

excess furniture 多余的家具

excess sleep 过多的睡眠

用作名词 (n.)

动词+excess

go to excess 走极端

介词+excess

in 〔to〕excess 过度(地),太

excess+介词

excess in drinking 纵饮过度

excess of 超过,超越,过度,过多的量

excess的真题例句

1.They only pay for the excess power that flows into the utility's power grid.

出自-四级2013年6月阅读原文

2.Other golden rules counsel us to master ourselves, to avoid excess and not to be a prosperous fool.

2016年6月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

3.The WCRF has estimated that 19,000 cancers a year in Britain could be prevented if people lost their excess weight with growing evidence that excess body fat increases the risk of various cancers.

出自-六级2010年12月听力原文

4.Some drugs for relief of stomach upsets, when taken in excess, can perhaps cause serious digestive problems.

2017年12月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C

5.Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year – about 64 items per person – and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.

出自-2013年考研阅读原文

6.Americans, she finds, buy roughly 20 billion garments a year-about 64 items per person一and no matter how much they give away, this excess leads to waste.

2013年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

estate的音标

英 [ɪˈsteɪt]

美 [ɪˈsteɪt]

estate的用法

n. (通常指农村的)大片私有土地，庄园;住宅区;工业区;工厂区;个人财产;(尤指)遗产

复数： estates

记忆技巧：e 加强 + stat 站，立 + e → 立住不动〔但有价值的东西〕→〔房子等〕不动产

estate的例句

1.He used to live on the estate. 

他过去曾住在那个住宅区。

2.I left my parents 'house, relinquished my estate and my patrimony. 

我离开了父母的家，放弃了我的房产和财产。

3.I naturally took him to be the owner of the estate. 

我自然而然地把他当成了庄园的主人。

4.Real estate lending has become the biggest growth area for American banks. 

房地产贷款已经成了美国银行业增长最快的业务领域。

5.They have mostly invested their money in expensive real estate. 

他们已把钱主要投资到昂贵的房地产业了。

estate的常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1.An industrial estate will help to promote the business of that city.

工业区将促进那个城市的商业发展。

2.I own a large estate in Hong Kong.

我在香港有大笔地产。

3.This is a tea estate.

这是一块茶树种植区。

estate的词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+estate

administer estate 管理财产

have〔hold〕 estate 拥有产业

left estate 留下产业

形容词+estate

housing〔trading, industrial〕 estate 住宅〔商业,工业〕区

estate+介词

estate for life 终身的产业

estate in land 不动产

estate upon condition 有条件的遗产

estate的真题例句

1.She made a wise investment in real estate.

出自-四级2014年6月听力原文

2.Byun Young-jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005.

2019年12月四级真题（套）阅读 Section B

3.By last year, Wall Street traders, bankers and those who deal in real estate generated 21% of the national income, double their share in the 1950s.

出自-六级2013年6月阅读原文

4.These 18-hour cities are beginning to make waves in real estate rankings and attract more real estate investment.

2017年12月六级真题（套）阅读 Section C

5.Many of the aspects of home-buying aren't a consideration for children, said Tracey Hampson, a real estate agent based in Santa Clarita, Calif.

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

6.Parents need to remind their children that their needs and desires may change over time, said Julie Garner, a real estate analyst with FitSmallBusiness.com.

2019年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

episode的音标

英 [ˈepɪsəʊd]

美 [ˈepɪsoʊd]

episode的用法

n. (人生的)一段经历;(小说的)片段，插曲;(电视连续剧或无线电广播剧的)一集

复数： episodes

episode的例句

1.This episode is bound to be a deep embarrassment for Washington 

这一事件肯定会让华盛顿非常难堪。

2.The final episode will be shown next Sunday. 

下周日将播出最后一集。

3.The new drug lessens the severity of pneumonia episodes. 

新药减轻了肺炎发作时的痛苦。

4.Unfortunately it was a rather sordid episode of my life. 

不幸的是，这是我人生中非常不光彩的一段经历。

5.A pilot episode of Nothing's Impossible has already been filmed. 

《一切皆有可能》的试播集已拍摄出来了。

episode的常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1.One of the most impressive episodes in the book occurs in Chapter 7.

书中最感人的部分是在第七章。

2.That's an episode in my life I won't forget forever.

那是我一生中永远不会忘记的经历。

3.In the final episode we will find out who did the murder.

在连续剧的最后一集,我们就会发现谁是那宗谋杀案的凶手。

episode的词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

形容词+episode

dramatic〔tragic〕 episode 戏剧性〔悲剧性〕的插曲

the final〔last〕 episode 连续剧的最后一集

episode+介词

an episode in 一个插曲,一段经历

the episode about〔of〕 有关…的情节

episode的近义词

occurrence 发生 

incident 事变 

affair 私通 

event 大事 

experience 经验 

happening 偶然发生的事... 

installment 分期付款 

instalment 分期付款 

chapter 章 

part 部分 

section 部分 

incidence 发生(率) 

attack 攻击 

outbreak 爆发 

bout 回合 

anecdote 轶事 

spell 拼写 

phenomenon 现象 

occasion 场合 

sequence 顺序

episode的真题例句

1.I really like these old episodes of "The Twilight Zone" because the stories are fascinating.

出自-四级2013年6月听力原文

2.Each episode will focus on a different area of science, and tell us what we know, how we know it, and what we still don't know.

2019年12月四级真题（套）听力 Section B

3.It's fiction, as what happens in every episode is made up.

2019年12月六级真题（套）听力 Section A

4.The New England colonies were the scenes of important episodes in the pursuit of widely understood ideals of civility and virtuosity.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

5.This episode crystallizes the irony that although American men tend to talk more than women in public situations they often talk less at home.

2010年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

endure的音标

英 [ɪnˈdjʊə(r)]

美 [ɪnˈdʊr]

endure的用法

v. 忍耐;忍受;持续;持久

第三人称单数： endures 现在分词： enduring 过去式： endured 过去分词： endured

派生词： endurable （adj.）

记忆技巧：en 使… + dur 持久；坚硬的 + e → 持久，耐久

endure的例句

1.The company endured heavy financial losses. 

那家公司遭受了严重亏损。

2.Somehow the language endures and continues to survive. 

那种语言以某种方式保存下来，并继续存在下去。

3.You can only guess at what mental suffering they endure 

你只能猜测他们忍受着多大的精神痛苦。

4.Then something seemed to snap in me. I couldn't endure any more. 

这时候，我的心里像有个东西突然绷断了——我再也忍受不了啦。

5.What sort of indignities would he be forced to endure? 

他会被迫忍受什么样的侮辱呢？

endure的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+endure(+A)

1.We can't endure much longer in this desert without water.

我们没有水无法在沙漠中坚持长久。

2.If help does not come,we must endure to the end.

如无援助到来,那我们必须坚持到底。

用作及物动词

S+endure+ n./pron.

1.I cannot endure her rudeness any longer.

我再也不能忍受她的无礼了。

2.The company has endured tremendous losses.

这个公司承受了巨大的损失。

S+endure+to- v

1.I can't endure to hear about it.

听说了这件事叫我无法忍受。

S+endure+ v -ing

1.I can't endure talking to them.

与他们交谈,我可真受不了。

2.He can't endure being disturbed in his work.

他工作时不容许别人打扰他。

S+endure+(that-)clause

1.I cannot endure you should say that.

你竟然说出那种话真让人受不了。

endure的词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

endure+副词

endure patiently 耐心忍受

endure quietly 默默地忍受

endure+介词

endure to 坚持到…

endure的真题例句

1.To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?

出自-四级2014年6月阅读原文

2.contribute to enduring family ties

出自-四级2012年6月阅读原文

3.Few babies survive this rare condition, and those who do must endure numerous operations and are likely to have complex needs.

2019年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C

4.Yet on these and similar formations in deserts around the world, a few fierce plants have adapted to endure under ever-changing conditions.

2018年6月六级真题（套）阅读 Section B

5.The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years - so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years.

出自-2013年考研阅读原文

elaborate的音标

英 [ɪˈlæbərət , ɪˈlæbəreɪt]

美 [ɪˈlæbərət , ɪˈlæbəreɪt]

elaborate的用法

adj. 复杂的;详尽的;精心制作的

v. 详尽阐述;详细描述;详细制订;精心制作

第三人称单数： elaborates 现在分词： elaborating 过去式： elaborated 过去分词： elaborated

派生词： elaborately （adv.）  elaborateness （n.）  elaboration （n.）

记忆技巧：e 表加强 + labor 工作，劳动 + ate 表动词 → 精细化工作 → 精工细作

elaborate的例句

1.He is known for his elaborate costumes. 

他以着装精致而闻名。

2.His task was to elaborate policies which would make a market economy compatible with a clean environment. 

他的任务是制定详细政策，使得市场经济和清洁环境能够共存。

3.A spokesman declined to elaborate on a statement released late yesterday 

发言人拒昨天晚些时候发表的声明详加说明。

4.Would you care to elaborate? 

你愿意详细说明一下吗？

5.The women have elaborate necklaces of turquoise and pink coral. 

那些女人戴着由绿松石和粉色珊瑚制成的精美项链。

elaborate的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+elaborate(+A)

1.You understand the situation; I needn't elaborate any further.

你对情况是了解的,我不必再进一步详谈了。

用作及物动词

S+elaborate+ n./pron.

1.The inventor spent months in elaborating his plans for a new engine.

这位发明家花费了几个月的时间精心绘制了一种新发动机的平面图。

2.Please elaborate your points.

请就你的观点详加说明。

3.The bees elaborate honey.

蜜蜂辛勤酿蜜。

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

elaborate+ n.

1.It's an elaborate design.

这是一种精心的设计。

2.The elaborate lighting system took months to install.

安装这套精美的照明系统花了好几个月的时间。

3.He made an elaborate hairstyle.

他做了一个复杂的发型。

用作表语

S+be+elaborate

1.The problem is too elaborate.

问题太复杂。

S+be+elaborate+that-clause

1.The matter is so elaborate that we can't solve it.

这事情太复杂,我们解决不了。

elaborate的常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

elaborate on〔upon〕 (v.+prep.)

详细说明 add more details to (sth)

elaborate的词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

elaborate+名词

elaborate a code 精心编辑法典

elaborate literary works 精心编辑文学作品

elaborate a plan 制订计划

elaborate+副词

elaborate eloquently 滔滔不绝地阐述

elaborate successfully 成功地拟定

elaborate+介词

elaborate on 对…详加说明

elaborate on a theory 详细阐述某一理论

elaborate upon the use of words 详细阐述词的用法

elaborate的真题例句

1.When I talk about cooking, I'm not talking about creating elaborate dinner parties or three-day science projects.

2015年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

2.The elaborate patterns were believed to offer protection against evil.

出自-四级2017年6月阅读原文

3.Second, provide learners with opportunities to explain and elaborate on what they're doing.

出自-六级2013年12月阅读原文

4.No wonder it has become fashionable to denounce many universities as little more than elaborate con-tricks.

2016年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

5.The Navy Department moved into the east wing in 1879, where elaborate wall and ceiling stenciling and marquetry floors decorated the office of the Secretary.

出自-2018年考研阅读原文

6.To the horror of some who expected a Greek Revival twin of the Treasury Building to be erected on the other side of the White House, the elaborate French Second Empire style design by Alfred Mullett was selected, and construction of a building to house al

2018年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

documentary的音标

英 [ˌdɒkjuˈmentri]

美 [ˌdɑːkjuˈmentri]

documentary的用法

n. 纪录影片;纪实广播(或电视)节目

adj. 文件的;文献的;由文件(或文献)组成的;记录的;纪实的

复数： documentaries

documentary的例句

1.We have documentary evidence that they were planning military action. 

我们有书面证据证明他们正在策划军事行动。

2.This great battle was vividly recorded in the documentary film. 

这部记录片生动地再现了这场伟大的战役。

3.She spent two years in South Florida researching and filming her documentary 

她花了两年时间在佛罗里达州南部做研究，拍摄纪录片。

4.She also narrated a documentary about the Kirov Ballet School. 

她还为一部关于基洛夫芭蕾舞学院的纪录片作过解说。

5.The documentary premiered at the Jerusalem Film Festival 

这部纪录片在耶路撒冷电影节首映。

documentary的常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1.A short documentary prefaced the feature movie.

正片开始前放映了一部短纪录片。

2.The documentary treated the question in some detail.

这部纪录片深层地探讨了这个问题。

3.It was named the best documentary of the year.

它被选为这一年最的文献纪录片。

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

documentary+ n.

1.Documentary history of France is available in the library.

图书馆里有法兰西史文献汇编。

documentary的词汇搭配

documentary film 纪录片,文献片... 

documentary reimbursement 附单据求偿 

documentary remittance [经] 跟单汇票... 

documentary proof 文件证明 

documentary acceptance 跟单承兑 

televised documentary 电视纪录片 

documentary collection 跟单托收 

artistic documentary 艺术记录片 

documentary draft 押汇汇票,交换提单的... 

documentary information 文件通知 

documentary sale [经] 跟单销售... 

documentary bill 跟单汇票 

documentary securities 有价抵押券 

documentary credit 押汇信用 

documentary evidence 书面证明

documentary的真题例句

1.It didn't take long for magazines and documentary film-makers to come to understand her total recall, and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects ( ' , including Veiseh) have since come forward and contacted the team at the University of California, Irvine.

出自-四级2017年6月阅读原文

2.It didn't take long for magazines and documentary filmmakers to come to understand her "total recall", and thanks to the subsequent media interest, a few dozen other subjects including Veise have since come forward and contacted the team at the University

2017年6月四级真题（套）阅读 Section B

3.It will be like a documentary in the sense, that it will be non-fiction and fact-based.

2019年12月四级真题（套）听力 Section B

4.Documentary: a visual presentationsuch as a video,slide show,or computer projectno more than 10 minutes long.

2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

5.On February 5, submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights.

2019年高考英语天津卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

dive的音标

英 [daɪv]

美 [daɪv]

dive的用法

v. 跳水(头和两臂先入水);(戴呼吸装备)潜水;下潜;潜到更深的水下

n. (头和双臂先入水的)跳水;(戴呼吸装备的)潜水;扑;冲;俯冲

第三人称单数： dives 现在分词： diving 过去式： dived 过去分词： dived

dive的例句

1.He tried to escape by diving into a river 

他企图跳入河中逃跑。

2.Bezanik is diving to collect marine organisms. 

贝扎尼奇正在潜水采集海洋生物。

3.The shark dived down and swam under the boat. 

鲨鱼急速潜入水中，在船下游动。

4.He was killed when his monoplane stalled and dived into the ground. 

他因驾驶的单翼飞机失速坠地而丧生。

5.She dived into her bag and brought out a folded piece of paper. 

她立即将手伸入包中拿出一张折好的纸。

dive的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作不及物动词

S+dive(+A)

1.Can you dive?

你会跳水吗?

2.They dived from the bridge and rescued the drowning woman.

他们从桥上跳入水中,救起溺水的妇女。

3.The aircraft dived steeply.

那架飞机垂直俯冲下来。

用作名词 (n.)

1.He ventured a high dive into shallow water.

他冒险从高处跳进水中。

2.The early dives were not very deep.

早期的潜水不太深。

dive的常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

dive for (v.+prep.)

潜入水中打捞东西 enter the water for sth

dive in (v.+adv.)

〈非正〉开始猛吃; 热切地加入或开始干(某事) start eating or other activity keenly

dive into (v.+prep.)

〈非正〉(使)在…中快速翻找 (cause to) search inside (a container) quickly

dive off (v.+prep.)

从(某高处)头朝下跳入水中 enter water headfirst from (sth high)

用作名词 (n.)

make a dive for

冲进… push into (a certain place)

dive的词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

dive+副词

dive deep 深刻钻研

dive abruptly 突然跳入水中

dive bravely 勇敢地跳入水中

dive cleanly 干净利落地跳入水中

dive gracefully 优美地跳入水中

dive steeply 垂直俯冲

dive in 头朝下跳入水中

dive off 纵身跳下

dive+介词

dive for 潜水找…

dive for ball 向球扑去

dive for cover 迅速隐蔽

dive for pearls 潜水取珍珠

dive from 从…上跳水

dive from the bridge 从桥上跳入水中

dive in the pocket 突然把手伸进口袋

dive into 跳入,躲进

dive into the bushes 躲进树丛中

dive into the history 潜心研究历史

dive into the pool 潜入池水中

dive into the study 钻研

dive to 突然下降

dive to ten below zero 突然降到零下10度

dive to the bottom 刨根问底

dive under the water 潜入水下

用作名词 (n.)

动词+dive

make a dive 跳水

take a dive 暴跌

形容词+dive

beautiful dive 优美的跳水

dive+介词

make a dive for sth 冲过去拿某物

take a dive into 深入研究

dive的真题例句

1.She knew that her chemistry grade may take a dive as a result.

2018年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

2.I either want to go on a bike tour of Europe or go diving in Mexico.

出自-六级2013年12月听力原文

3.Go on a diving tour in Europe

出自-六级2013年12月听力原文

4.At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as she was so confidence about her skills.

2018年高考英语天津卷 单项填空 原文

5.Find something, dive into it, take the good parts, skip the bad parts, get what you can out of it, go on to something else.

2015年高考英语浙江卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

6.Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: Should I jump?

2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 七选五 原文

7.Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.

2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解 七选五 原文

disrupt的音标

英 [dɪsˈrʌpt]

美 [dɪsˈrʌpt]

disrupt的用法

v. 扰乱;使中断;打乱

第三人称单数： disrupts 现在分词： disrupting 过去式： disrupted 过去分词： disrupted

派生词： disruption （n.）

记忆技巧：dis 加强 + rupt 破，断裂 → 裂开 → 分裂记忆技巧：dis 加强 + rupt 破，断裂 → 裂开 → 分裂

disrupt的例句

1.Anti-war protesters disrupted the debate. 

反战示威者们打断了辩论。

2.The drought has severely disrupted agricultural production. 

旱灾已严重影响了农业生产。

3.The effect was to disrupt the food chain, starving many animals and those that preyed on them 

其结果就是破坏食物链，使很多动物和那些以捕食它们为生的动物饿死。

4.The key question was whether they would stand aside or would disrupt the elections. 

关键问题是他们会袖手旁观还是会扰乱选举。

5.The government will not seek to disrupt the legitimate business activities of the defendant.

政府无意干扰被告的合法经营活动。

disrupt的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1.An accident has disrupted railway services into and out of the city.

一场事故使得进出该城市的铁路交通陷入混乱。

2.A crowd of protesters disrupted the meeting.

一群抗议者扰乱了会议。

disrupt的近义词

interrupt 打断 

disturb 扰乱 

dislocate 使脱臼 

upset 心烦的 

disorder 混乱 

unsettle 使(某人)不安或担忧... 

mess up 混乱 

derange 扰乱 

scramble 混乱 

jumble 掺杂 

disarrange 扰乱 

disarray 弄乱 

disorganize 破坏组织 

agitate 煽动 

tangle 缠结 

discompose 使不安 

confuse 使困惑 

dissever 割裂 

cleave 裂开 

sever 切断 

halt 停止 

divide 划分 

rend 撕破 

sunder 分开 

stop 停止 

arrest 逮捕 

disunite 使分离 

intervene 干涉 

interfere with 打扰 

interfere 干涉 

with 用 

cut off 切断 

break up 结束，散会

disrupt的真题例句

1.Migrating birds affect ecosystems both at home and at their winter destinations, and disrupting the traditional routes could have unexpected side effects.

出自-六级2017年6月阅读原文

2.Even utility companies, which have long viewed batteries and alternative forms of energy as a threat, are learning to embrace the technologies as enabling rather than disrupting.

出自-六级2016年12月阅读原文

3.Indeed, when the expert pays attention to the mechanics, it is liable to disrupt performance.

2019年6月六级真题（套）听力 Section C

dismiss的音标

英 [dɪsˈmɪs]

美 [dɪsˈmɪs]

dismiss的用法

v. 不予考虑;摒弃;对…不屑一提;去除，消除，摒除(思想、感情等);解雇;免职;开除

第三人称单数： dismisses 现在分词： dismissing 过去式： dismissed 过去分词： dismissed

记忆技巧：dis 加强 + miss 送，放出 → 不断把人送出 → 解散

dismiss的例句

1.Mr Wakeham dismissed the reports as speculation 

韦克厄姆先生把这些报道当作臆测而不予考虑。

2.I dismissed him from my mind 

我不再想他了。

3.The military commander has been dismissed. 

军队司令已经被免职了。

4.Two more witnesses were called, heard and dismissed 

又有两个目击者被传唤，提供证言后获准退席。

5.An American judge yesterday dismissed murder charges against Dr Jack Kevorkian. 

昨天一个美国法官驳回了对杰克·凯沃尔基安医生的谋杀指控。

dismiss的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+dismiss+ n./pron.

1.The new governor dismissed the staff that served his predecessors.

新州长将前任州长的职员全部解雇。

2.They dismissed him and made no bones about it.

他们毫不犹豫地把他开除了。

3.Race dismissed him with a curt nod.

雷斯微微点了一下头,就把他打发走了。

用作宾补动词

S+dismiss+ n./pron. +as n./adj.

1.He dismissed the story as a rumor.

他把这个消息当作谣言而没有理会。

2.He just laughed, and dismissed the question as unimportant.

他只是笑了笑,认为问题无足轻重而不予考虑。

3.He dismissed the idea as impossible.

他认为那个主意不现实而断然拒绝。

dismiss的常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

dismiss for (v.+prep.)

因…而解雇,开除(某人) make (sb) leave sb's job or place of work for (a reason or doing sth wrong)

dismiss from (v.+prep.)

使退去 allow to go

dismiss from one's mind (v.+prep.+n.)

试图忘记某事或某人 try to forget sth or sb

dismiss的词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

dismiss+名词

dismiss the case 驳回该案件

dismiss a class 下课

dismiss the court 退庭

dismiss doubts 消除疑虑

dismiss an idea 摒弃一个主意

dismiss the thought 打消念头

dismiss+副词

dismiss curtly 三言两语地拒绝考虑

dismiss disgracefully 难堪地打发走

dismiss easily 容易消除

dismiss finally 最终解散

dismiss instantly 立即解散

dismiss lightly 轻率地拒绝考虑

dismiss reluctantly 不情愿地解散

dismiss safely 有把握不予考虑

dismiss summarily 简单地拒绝考虑

dismiss+介词

dismiss for 因…而解雇

dismiss sb for being late 因迟到而解雇某人

dismiss sb for neglect of sb's duty 因玩忽职守而免除某人的职务

dismiss...from 使从…离开,解雇,从…除去

dismiss sb from sb's job 免职

dismiss from one's mind 从思想上打消…

dismiss sb from sb's post 撤某人的职

dismiss sb from school 开除出校

dismiss sth with a shake of one's head 摇头表示否决

dismiss的真题例句

1.Since the 1980s, America has been increasingly clinging to the ideology of uncontrolled free markets and dismissing the role of government---following Ronald Regan's idea that "government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem.

六级2012年6月阅读原文

2.Her observations helped dismiss the popular belief that insects spontaneously emerged from mud.

2018年12月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section B

3.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.

出自-2009年考研阅读原文

4.Don't dismiss that possibility entirely.

出自-2018年考研阅读原文

explore的音标

英 [ɪkˈsplɔː(r)]

美 [ɪkˈsplɔːr]

explore的用法

v. 勘探;勘查;探索;考察;探究;调查研究;探讨;(用手或身体某部)探察，探查

第三人称单数： explores 现在分词： exploring 过去式： explored 过去分词： explored

记忆技巧：ex 出 + plor 喊，哭 + e → 喊出来 → 探索〔奥秘〕

explore的例句

1.I just wanted to explore Paris, read Sartre, listen to Sidney Bechet 

我就想逛逛巴黎，读读萨特的作品，听听悉尼·贝谢的音乐。

2.The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area 

部长预计将会探讨这个地区战后重建的意见。

3.Central to the operation is a mile-deep well, dug originally to explore for oil 

那次行动的重点是一口深达1英里的井，最初钻那口井是为了勘探石油。

4.He explored the wound with his finger, trying to establish its extent. 

他用手指摸了摸伤口，想要确定受伤的程度。

5.After exploring the old part of town there is a guided tour of the cathedral 

游览完老城区之后，会由导游带队参观大教堂。

explore的常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+explore+ n./pron.

1.The exploring team explored a trackless wilderness.

考察队勘探了一片人迹罕至的荒野。

2.They were exploring the Amazon jungle.

他们正对亚马逊森林进行勘察。

3.The geologists explored for oil on our farm.

地质学家们在我们的农场上勘探石油。

explore的词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

explore+副词

explore carefully 仔细地勘探

explore completely 完全地勘探

explore intelligently 理智地研究

explore methodically 有方法地研究

explore scientifically 科学地研究

explore undauntedly 勇敢地探险

explore zealously 积极地研究

explore+介词

explore for oil 勘探石油

explore的真题例句

1.Betsan Corkhill, a wellness coach in Bath, England, and author of the book Knit for Health and Wellness, established a website, Stitchlinks, to explore the value of what she calls therapeutic knitting.

2017年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

2.While the top of the ocean is studied, its depths are more difficult to explore.

2016年12月四级真题（第二套）阅读 Section A

3.We have everything to gain by encouraging them to explore the world beyond their immediate experience and to prepare themselves for their turn at shaping that world.

六级2016年6月阅读原文

4.It is beneficial to encourage young people to explore the broader world and get ready to make it a better place.

六级2016年6月阅读原文

5.Children love the small train and playgrounds in the pavilion gardens and there's plenty more to explore at the buxton museum.

2019年高考英语江苏卷 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

6.Explore the monuments and memorials on the national mail as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop.

2018年高考英语全国卷I 阅读理解 阅读A 原文

7.If you're not convinced of the inherent value in taking a year off to explore interests, then consider its financial impact on future academic choices.

2017年考研真题（英语二）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

8.The same curiosity to find what lies beyond the horizon that first brought early Polynesians to Hawaii's shores inspires astronomers today to explore the heavens.

2017年考研真题（英语一）阅读理解 Section Ⅱ

explicit的音标

英 [ɪkˈsplɪsɪt]

美 [ɪkˈsplɪsɪt]

explicit的用法

adj. 清楚明白的;易于理解的;(说话)清晰的，明确的;直言的;坦率的;直截了当的;不隐晦的;不含糊的

派生词： explicitly （adv.）  explicitness （n.）

记忆技巧：ex 出 + plic 重叠，折叠 + it →〔说话〕不啰嗦的 → 直爽的

explicit的例句

1.He was explicit about his intention to overhaul the party's internal voting system. 

他直言自己的目的是改革党内的投票制度。

2.Branagh says that it was his intention to make explicit in the film what was only implicit in the play. 

布莱纳说他的用意是将剧本中的隐晦含意在电影中清晰明白地表现出来。

3.Criticism is hinted at, but never made explicit 

批评总是含沙射影，但从未明说。

4.We are quite explicit about political affairs. 

我们对政治问题态度十分明朗。

5.Both explicit and implicit difference schemes are discussed, and the stability and convergence are analyzed. 

本文分别讨论了显式和隐式变网格差分格式，并给出了差分解的收敛性和稳定性分析。

explicit的常见句型

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

explicit+ n.

1.It's an explicit statement.

这句话说得很明确。

2.He hasn't an explicit idea.

他没有一个明确的想法。

用作表语

S+be+explicit

1.Directions are explicit.

方向是明确的。

S+be+explicit+ prep .-phrase

1.We are quite explicit about political affairs.

我们对政治问题态度十分明朗。

2.He wasn't quite explicit about why he left.

他不愿表白他离去的原因。

explicit的词汇搭配

用作形容词 (adj.)

explicit+名词

explicit idea〔statement〕 明确的想法〔陈述〕

explicit directions〔instructions〕 明确的指示〔说明〕

explicit+介词

explicit in one's statement 陈述直率

explicit in sense 意思清楚

explicit的真题例句

1.Calling out our fears explicitly, as Leah did, can help us act decisively.

四级2017年6月阅读原文

2.In addition, parents and teachers can help children by providing explicit instruction regarding the mind as a learning machine.

四级2016年12月阅读原文

3.Implicitly or explicitly, American fashion addressed a democracy, whereas traditional Paris-based fashion was prescriptive and imposed on women, willing or not.

六级2017年6月阅读原文

4.The aim is to ensure that employees have an explicit tool to help them understand their own abilities and aspirations, determine career possibilities, and set (usually short-ter goals.

六级2013年12月阅读原文

5.His comprehensive surveys have provided the most explicit statements of how, and on what basis, data are collected.

2016年高考英语江苏卷 单项填空 原文

6.Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see.

2015年高考英语广东卷 阅读理解 阅读C 原文

7.The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorising “off-plan” building where local people might object.

出自-2016年考研阅读原文

8.It is this implicit or explicit reference to nature that fully justifies the use of word garden though in a “liberated” sense, to describe these synthetic constructions.

出自-2013年考研翻译原文

exploitation的音标

英 [ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn]

美 [ˌeksplɔɪˈteɪʃn]

exploitation的用法

n. 剥削;榨取;利用;开发;开采;(出于私利的)利用

exploitation的例句

1.I have a vision of a society that is free of exploitation and injustice 

我希望建立一个没有剥削和不公的社会。

2.The islanders endured centuries of exploitation. 

那个岛上的居民忍受了数个世纪的剥削。

3.The developed nations have all benefited from their imperialist exploitation. 

发达国家全都从他们的帝国主义剥削中获益。

4.I think the development is a stalking horse for exploitation of the surrounding countryside.

我认为开发只是一个借口，目的其实是想开采周围农村地区的资源。

5.Conservationists in Chile are concerned over the effect of commercial exploitation of forests

对森林的商业开发所带来的影响让智利的自然资源保护者们感到忧心忡忡。

exploitation的词汇搭配

intensive exploitation 集约开采 

ocean exploitation 海洋开发 

soil exploitation 土壤垦植 

predatory exploitation 捕食取利 

resource exploitation 资源开采 

rational exploitation 合理开采 

commercial exploitation 工业开发 

secondary exploitation 二次开采 

exploitation value 利用价值,开采价值... 

ruinous exploitation 滥伐

exploitation的近义词

consumption 消费 

development 发展 

misuse 误用 

abuse 滥用 

mistreatment 虐待 

manipulation 操纵 

corruption 贪污 

use 使用 

utilization 利用 

management 管理 

operation 操作 

victimization 牺牲 

Using 使用，应用，利用... 

victimisation 牺牲

exploitation的真题例句

1.Antarctica's harsh natural conditions constitute huge obstacles to the exploitation of its resources.

出自-六级2016年12月阅读原文

2.Google's further exploitation of its database.

出自-六级2011年12月阅读原文

3.It is important that we be mindful of the earth, the planet out of which we are born and by which we are nourished, guided, healed-the planet, however, which we have abused to a considerable degree in these past two centuries of industrial exploitation.

出自-六级2013年12月听力原文

4.This exploitation has reached such extremes that presently it appears that some hundreds of thousands of species will be extinguished before the end of the century

出自-六级2013年12月听力原文

5.But today's report is the starkest warning yet of the potentially devastating impact of climate change and human exploitation on the Antarctic's delicate ecosystems.

2019年12月六级真题（第三套）阅读 Section C

6.This seems a justification for neglect of those in need， and a rationalization of exploitation， of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom.

出自-2011年考研翻译原文

exterior的音标

英 [ɪkˈstɪəriə(r)]

美 [ɪkˈstɪriər]

exterior的用法

n. (尤指建筑物的)外部，外观，表面，外貌;(人的)外貌，外表

adj. 外面的;外部的;外表的

复数： exteriors

记忆技巧：exter 外 + ior 较…的，属于…的 → 外部的

exterior的例句

1.In one ad the viewer scarcely sees the car's exterior 

在一则广告中，观众几乎看不到汽车的外观。

2.According to Mandy, Pat's tough exterior hides a shy and sensitive soul. 

据曼迪说，帕特彪悍的外表下隐藏着一颗害羞且敏感的心。

3.The exterior walls were made of pre-formed concrete. 

外墙用的是预制混凝土。

4.The exterior of the building was elegant and graceful. 

这座大厦外观雅致而优美。

5.Eventually, they had to reinforce the walls with exterior beams. 

最终，他们不得不通过增加外梁来对墙体进行加固。

exterior的常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1.We're painting the exterior of the house.

我们正在给房子的外面涂漆。

2.You mustn't judge people by their exteriors.

你不能以貌取人。

3.Some artists only paint exteriors.

有些艺术家只画户外景色。

用作形容词 (adj.)

用作定语

exterior+ n.

1.The aerial can be fixed to an exterior wall.

天线被绑在外墙上。

2.The exterior cold had stolen into the car.

外部的寒冷已不知不觉地侵入车内。

3.The exterior surface of the football is of good material.

足球的外表皮是用好的材料制成的。

用作表语

S+be+exterior+ prep .-phrase

1.The male reproductive organs are exterior to the body.

男性生殖器在身体的外部。

exterior的词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

形容词+exterior

calm〔friendly, smooth〕 exterior 平静〔和善,温和〕的外表

hard exterior 坚硬的外壳

rough exterior 外貌粗鲁

stern exterior 表情严厉

介词+exterior

judge sb by his exterior 从外表上来判断某人

exterior+介词

the exterior of the building 楼房的外部

用作形容词 (adj.)

exterior+名词

exterior angle 外角

exterior decorations 外部装饰

exterior feature of a building 建筑的外貌

exterior forces 外力

exterior influence 外界的影响

exterior paint 外用油漆

exterior policy 对外政策

exterior scene 外景

exterior wall 外墙

exterior的真题例句

1.They're also only a single layer in what should ideally be a many-sided approach to securing your home, one that includes common sense things like sound locks and proper exterior lighting at night.

出自-四级2016年12月阅读原文

2.Online office workers posted photos and videos of the raccoon, resting on window edges and climbing up the building's concrete exterior.

2019年12月四级真题（第二套）听力 Section A

3.The plane stretches a total length of 54 meters, where experienced scuba divers will eventually be able to venture through the cabin and around the plane's exterior.

2019年6月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A

现代生活中，每个人都要懂点经济学，如果你打算申请英国大热的经济、会计、金融等本科专业，A-level经济学更是十分值得学习，A-level经济常见错误有哪些？看一看下面这些A-level经济考试中的难题，有没有击中你的点吧。

1.变化率和实际水平的混淆

①2011年5月至2015年2月，英国的物价水平发生了什么变化?

②答案是价格上涨的速度放缓。通货膨胀率有所下降。物价仍在以较低的速度上涨。

③一个常见的错误是说价格下降了。但是，坐标轴显示的不是absolute price level，而是价格的变化率。

2.混淆因果

混淆因果关系可能是错误的。例如，英国借贷在1974年、1992/93年和2010年都增长到了非常高的水平。我们可以假设，这表明高借贷会导致经济衰退。然而，这是一个因果错误。更有可能的情况是，由于经济低迷，政府借款增加。在经济衰退中，税收收入下降，政府可能会采取扩张性的财政政策。如果没有政府借款的增加，衰退可能会更严重。

即使是经济学家也无法避免这种潜在的错误。2010年， Carmen Reinhart和Kenneth Rogoff联合发表的 “Growth in a Time of Debt”一文，似乎表明，一旦政府债务水平超过GDP的90%，GDP增长就会显著下降。这在当时非常有影响力，然而，其他经济学家批评他们混淆了因果关系。低增长导致了更高的债务(政府债务会导致经济增长放缓吗?)

3.孤立地看因素

一个有趣的问题是移民对工资水平的影响。一种分析可能会说，劳动力供应的增加可能会压低工资。

①从劳动力供应的增加将导致竞争市场中工资下降的层面来说，这是一种合理的经济分析。

②但是，就此打住是错误的。

③我们也需要考虑移民及人口增加对劳工需求的影响。随着更多的人工作，经济上的需求将会增加。移民不仅“夺取”了就业机会，他们还创造了就业机会。

实际上，对工资的影响可能取决于许多因素，比如移民的技能和经济状况。但是，只考虑一种影响是错误的。

4.理性的经济人并不总是理性的

这是传统经济学家经常犯的错误。假设个体是理性的，会根据效用化，收入化等假设行事。实际上，经济决策要复杂得多。行为经济学在一定程度上包括了更多心理因素对决策的影响，比如冲动决策、风险规避。

比如，有效市场假说(efficient markets hypothesis)认为，市场价格反映真实价值，因为投资者有实现收入化的动机。然而，这些有效市场假设模型忽视了irrational exuberance非理性繁荣等因素——非理性繁荣是美国房价飙升背后的一个因素。

5.价格上涨导致需求下降

这有点迷惑性，因为如果我们看一条普通的demand curve需求曲线，价格的上升会导致需求的下降，在需求曲线上有一个变动，所以买的更少。然而，它并不总是那么直接。一项资产的价格可能会因为需求的增加而上涨。因此，即使房价在上涨，我们也可能同时得到更高的需求。

6.Bad things一定会导致经济衰退

很多经济错误，我们很容易假定这些必然会导致经济衰退。例如，美国拥有巨额国债和经常账户赤字，并在伊拉克战争上浪费了数十亿英镑。尽管这些可以被视为经济问题，但它们本身不会导致经济衰退。事实上，政府在战争上的支出往往能带来更高的经济增长率。

7.通货膨胀导致需求下降

这是一个与房价上涨类似的错误。高通胀时期不会立即导致总需求下降。此外，更高的通货膨胀总是由经济中不断增长的需求造成的。然而，高通胀时期会导致经济衰退时期。原因在于:

1）为降低高通胀，货币当局提高利率，这就降低了需求和通胀压力。

2）通胀带来的繁荣是不可持续的，因此会导致一个繁荣与萧条的经济周期。比如，1991年的Lawson boom and the recession。

英国学校学习新A-level数学已经有一段时间了，大纲对老师和学生来说都是新的，新的A-level真题也很少，不免让人感到有些迷茫。新A-level数学课程的学习，有哪些是我们必须提前get的点呢？新A-level数学课程有哪些注意事项呢？下面给大家详细的介绍一下。

误区一：新A-level数学更难

新的数学A-level考试中，将更加强调数学的严密性和解决问题的能力，而不是像前几年那样重复老一套的问题。然而，这并不说明更难。如果学生感觉考试更难，请放心，考试局将设置合理的分数线，使每个年级学生成绩比例与前几年相同。2017年开始考试的A-level科学，就是通过这种做法来保证成绩公平的。请记大家住这一点，没有必要担心成绩下滑。你只需要努力，尽量做到，那么最终就会拿到应得的分数。

误区二：不再有AS数学了

AS数学仍旧存在，但是成为了一个独立的证书，成绩不再计入完整A-level。简而言之，虽然都是年学习，但是你可以选AS数学或A-level数学，这两个是分开的。取消的是模块考试体系，以及在A2这一年里重考AS模块的机会。

误区三：但还有重考机会...不是吗？

不，没有。

过去学生可以一遍一遍重考module，以成绩为准，重考是很方便的。但这一点也备受争议，考试局认为，重考的机会并没有鼓励学生从一开始就努力学习。所以，线性的新课程体系出现，两年学习结束后‘all or nothing’，不能再没完没了重考了。听起来有点吓人，但这才是真正的现实。而且这个也不是新出现的，只不过回归到多年前的做法而已。

误区四：会有什么不同呢？毕竟数学就是数学啊

其实是不一样了。

老师在上课的时候，以及学生在做真题的时候，能发现的两个不同是：问题在本质上将更具有概括性——这意味一道题可能混合多个topic，单个topic的问题将变少。IB早已这样做多年，且行之有效。更强调Reasoning、Modelling、Problem Solving，新的考试术语更多样化。

误区五：无论使用什么新术语，还是数学啊

就像我们说的，情况会有所不同。

Reasoning:现在考生需要能够在很少或没有提示的情况下构建相当复杂的逻辑论点，并解释他们所做决定背后的原因。包括在这个框架之下的，是我们更熟悉的‘explain what is meant by…’的理解测试形式。

Modelling:将会有更多的问题将纯粹的数学概念应用到“真实世界”的情境中。可能采用力学或统计学中建模的明显形式，也可能更为微妙。

Problem Solving: 这是一个大问题。很多问题都没有明确的出发点，也没有明确的解决途径。学生需要学习不害怕这类问题，愿意冒风险，尝试各种不同解决办法。

“勇敢”跟数学可能不沾边，但是为了高分，你一定要用于试错。

误区六：能学什么你没有选择权

英国教育部已经决定，他们将指定新的A-Level考试的内容，对所有考试局的标准都是一样的。因此，现在每个人都要学习一些力学和统计学知识——并且不再有数学决策选项。真正的选择在于你是学AS Level还是A-Level进阶数学。尽管如此，问题风格取决于具体的考试局。不同考试局都是三套paper，每套2小时答题时间。

误区七：全部都能用计算器算出来

确实，现在没有‘non-calculator’的paper了，在A-Level数学课程的新“Large Data Set”部分尤其如此，在这个部分中，你将熟悉并知道如何从LDS中提取样本、“清洗”数据并计算汇总统计数据。还需要使用电子表格和其他建模应用程序来分析数据。在考试中，将要求你展示对这一项的理解。计算器将有助于消除简单的算术错误，但问题的设计将使那些完全依赖计算器的人无法获得高分。重点在于理解和逻辑推理，无论有没有计算器，那些不能证明这一点的会算作错误。

误区八：无法合理复习

学习和复习数学策略大体相同。学习数学的途径就是去多做数学题，练习十分重要。应对更加注重problem solving的new paper，课程学习中要具体到细节。不要把复习留到最后一刻，充分利用好这一两年的学习时间。

误区九：问题解决能力无法练习

Problem solving能力是可以练习的！

一个很好的起点是新GCSE中比较难的部分，如果已经学习过这部分，那么A-level阶段你会发现其实没有那么难。问题解决能力的练习不是一朝一夕的，它需要坚持和勇气。要想解决一个看似简单的问题，你可能需要尝试好几次，在最终成功之前，必须做好失败的准备！独立思考和创造性思维是获得高分的必要条件。

误区十：这些改变不会带来任何真正的不同

不是的，它们会！并不是毕达哥拉斯本身能给你以后的生活带来什么直接的好处，而是利用现有知识解决不熟悉问题的能力，才是更重要的。在现实世界中，这是一种无价的技能，所以说A-level数学十分有用。

关于新A-level数学的误区，大家现在心里有数了吗？数学如此重要，学好这门课需要的是入门、掌握一定的技巧、加上个人的不懈努力。