我相信归国的留学生们或多或少都会被问过这样的问题：“留学给你带来的收获是什么？”每当我被问到这个问题时，我都很难给出一个让我自己满意的答案。

　我自认为我的留学经历是无法被一句话、一句主题甚至某个故事所总结的。加上我现在依然在无时不刻地回过头去理解那段生活，所以所谓“的收获”，可能也会随着时间而改变。

学期的时候，我上了一门“研究生学术写作课程”，老师布置了一份每周都需要完成的常规作业 ----用在论文中看到的五个生词造句。

　第二个星期一开始上课的时候，老师黑着脸在课堂上发了一通脾气，原因是有学生的句子是从网络上照抄下来的，不是自己写的。

　我知道这不好，可是也从没见过哪位老师会因此发这么大的脾气。她拿着粉笔指着班上的学生说：“你们要清楚，这已经算是剽窃了。这次我原谅你，但是下次我会汇报给学校。You know who you are.”

　这是我次认识到“剽窃”的定义原来不仅限于抄袭作业、论文……原来只要是未标注引用甚至引用格式不规范都能算是剽窃，原来剽窃是一件非常严重的事。

　到美国之前，我曾听说过这里的学术更为严谨，但在却从未亲身感受过什么是严谨。

　
　在美留学时，我选择了在校内的餐饮部打工。说实话，并非是因为经济上的压力。那时只是单纯地希望有一些不一样的经历，顺便赚点零花钱。

　有那么一次工作，我被安排去给一个会议做爆米花。顾客要求爆米花必须是新鲜的、当场做好的，不能是提前准备的，而且要保证客人休息的时候就有得吃。

　所以我必须在客人们开会的时候做。加上经理说，因为食物安全法案的某项规定，我们不能在走廊里做，只能在会议室内做爆米花。

　可想而知我当时的尴尬----当别人在安静开会的时候，爆米花在会议室里砰砰作响。

　演讲人停下来了两次，问我能不能把机器搬出去，我道了歉，并且解释我只能留在室内，她也只能叹气。

　会议结束，我回到厨房里，经理问我爆米花是不是很吵？演讲人是不是让我出去了？

　我说：“是啊，但是没关系，我道歉了的。”

　“你道歉了？你道什么歉？规定就是我们只能在那里做爆米花。她就不该那样说你。”

　“那我……”

　“你解释清楚就好，你没错，你不需要道歉知道吗？”

　经理的这种回应，好像和我印象中的服务行业不太一样。我点头，原来没做错的话，是不需要道歉的。道歉不是一个解决办法，解释才是。
　我去过美国的很多地方，大多数都是开车去的。准确点说，应该蹭车去的。我不会开车，朋友们开车带着我到处去。

　我总跟别人说，如果到了美国去，请一定要去黄石和大提顿国家公园看看 ----大概是因为我去过的国家不多，黄石和大提顿是我目前见过最美的风景了。

　我和朋友在黄石里搭了三天的帐篷。运气不错，每天晚上的天空都非常晴朗。我躺在湖边，看到了银河、流星甚至还有卫星。

　是的，卫星，没有太多人相信。可我看见了不止一颗卫星在星星里穿梭，比飞机慢些。

　我可以盯着看好久，看着看着，又会在无意间等来了一颗流星。我到现在记得那画面，想起来时，依然是一脸喜悦。
　我的故事很多，还有不少让我灵光一现的对话。

　我遇见过因为我上课状态不好，就执意约我出来见面喝咖啡谈心的老教授；

　我遇见过因为我生病，而大老远跑来送胃药的美国朋友；

　还有故意刁难我的客人；

　婚礼上悄悄递给我小费和一个十字架项链的老奶奶（校内打工不允许收小费）；

　彼此总是能有说有笑又互相照顾支持的中国朋友…
　所以，留学给我带来的收获，一言难尽吧。我不断地去观察我周围的人对事件的反应和处理，再不断地借此和自己做对比。

　我在学术上是不是可以更严谨专注？

　我是不是可以做到有担当却也不卑不亢？

　我能不能也像别人待我一般，待他人更友好？

　我可以选择不吝啬自己的赞美、不掩盖自己的不满吗？

 如果非要总结一下这次留学经历，我认为这是一个不断的自我发现、纠正的过程----身处陌地去寻找自己的界限，然后再不断地突破，最终找到自己。

　2019泰晤士报TIMES英国大学排名来了！

　赶紧和小编一起看看今年的排名有哪些变化！

　今年的前四位依旧和去年一样，是剑桥大学、牛津大学、圣安德鲁斯大学和帝国理工学院，排名第五的是去年就有所进步的拉夫堡大学。然而杜伦大学则跌落至第七位。伦敦大学学院也小幅下降。

　去年跌出前30的曼彻斯特大学今年冲进了前20，格拉斯哥大学也跻身前20，位列17名。南安普顿大学顺利挤进前20，超过了曼大爱丁堡，综合实力不容小觑。

　阿伯丁大学上升14个位次，挤进前30，超过了爱丁堡。然而埃塞克斯大学表现不好，下降到了29位。

　今年公布的TIMES 2019年英国大学排名（Good University Guide 2019）根据九项指标对英国大学进行综合评分，共132所大学上榜。　

　排名标准

　●学生满意度(student satisfaction)

　●教学质量及办学经验( teaching quality and the wider university experience)

　●科研水平( research quality)

　●入学要求(entry qualifications)

　●研究生就业前景(graduate job prospects)

　●师生比例(student-staff ratios)

　●服务设施投资(services and facilities spend)

　●学位完成率(completion rates)

　●二等一及以上学位获得率(degree outcomes achieved)

　2019泰晤士报TIMES英国大学排名

　2018年9月8日雅思大作文题目

　“We have developed a “throw-away” society and are filling the environment with many plastic bags and rubbish that we cannot fully dispose of. What measures should be taken to combat the problem?

 
　Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.”
　解析&审题

　本周考的是一个环境类的老题目。我们现在的社会是一个浪费型的社会（a throw-away society），随处可见被扔弃不用的东西。

　本题要求分析这个现象产生的原因及解决办法。就原因而言，大家可能想到的生活水平提高了，物质太丰富了，这是唐老师经常谈到的物质层面上的原因。如果我们再往下想一想，可能就想到，我们乱扔东西，可能还有一个心理层面上的原因：出于方便（out of convenience)。除此之外，当然还有一个社会层面的原因，即消费社会鼓励大家扔弃旧东西，换新时尚。在这类分析原因类的考题中，大家都可以按照这三个层面去思考，就容易写得更有逻辑一些。

　就解决办法而言，无非也就两条：一是国家层面，制定法规，让大家对垃圾进行分类回收，二是个人层面，提高大家垃圾回收的意识。

　我们在构思任何一篇雅思作文的时候，都应该写出层次，这是雅思作文批判思维的基本要求。各位烤鸭应该在这方面积累经验。

　老师笔记

　01

　Ours is a “throw-away” society strongly influenced by consumerism as we value convenience over environmental protection. We throw away out of convenience, and societal conventions have us move on to the next fad or technology. For example, we are dumping large quantities of thrash, such as plastic bags and diapers, that we cannot fully dispose of. Likewise, we are discarding televisions, cell phones, computers and other used items in exchange of new ones that unsurprisingly will become our future garbage. Under these circumstances, environmental pollution is the cruel price we have to pay for the consumerism culture in the age of mass production. Even though our society as a whole is increasingly aware of the environmental pollution, more has to be done to prevent the problem from worsening.

　我们的社会是一个受消费主义强烈影响的“浪费型”社会，因为我们更看重方便而不是环境保护。出于方便我们随意扔弃，而社会习俗让我们冲向下一个时尚或技术。例如，我们正在倾倒大量我们无法完全处理的垃圾，比如塑料袋和尿布。同样，我们正在丢弃电视机，手机，电脑和其他旧物品，然后换用新的，而这些新的物品又会毫不奇怪成为未来的垃圾。在这样的情况下，环境污染是我们为大规模生产时代的消费主义文化所必需付出的残酷代价。尽管整个社会日益意识到环境污染，但仍有更多的工作要做，以防止这个问题恶化。

　解析

　（1） 本段用举例的方式，描写了乱扔垃圾的严重程度，并指出这种状况需要改变。

　（2） consumerism 消费主义

　（3） out of convenience 出于方便

　（4） have somebody do... 让某人做......

　（5） fad （一时的）时尚

　（6） likewise 同样地

　（7） worsen 恶化

　02

　In order to relieve the environmental impact of the consumerism culture, we believe that recycling is the most effective solution. It is necessary for governments to make recycling a legal requirement, and “punish” those who throw away recyclable materials. For example, households will be legally required to separate all rubbish into different bins for recycling, on penalties of fines. New waste management rules should be introduced to act as a deterrent and to encourage people to abide by strict recycling standards. At the same time, government-sponsored recycling education programs (through the media) can be useful to increase recycling by changing people’s behavior and create an environment-friendly culture.

　为了减轻消费主义文化对环境的影响，我们认为回收是最有效的解决办法。各国政府有必要将回收利用作为一项法律要求，并“惩罚”那些扔掉可回收的材料的人。例如，法律可要求家庭将所有垃圾分成不同的垃圾桶进行回收，否则处以罚款。应该制定新的垃圾管理规则，将它作为一种威慑，鼓励人们遵守严格的回收标准。与此同时，政府资助的回收教育项目(通过媒体)可以改变人们的行为来增加回收，并创造一种环境友好型文化。

　解析

　（1） 本段建议垃圾回收作为解决环境问题的办法，随即提出了具体措施：制定法规、设立回收教育项目。

　（2） solution 解决方案

　（3） legal 法定的

　（4） penalties 惩罚

　（5） abide by 遵守

　（6） deterrent 威慑（物）

　（7） environment-friendly 环境友好的

　03

　In conclusion, mandatory laws must be put in place so that people who are used to the lifestyle of convenience will refrain from throwing away plastic bags and rubbish. It is important for governments to make recycling everybody’s business; otherwise, environmental protection might become nobody’s business.

　总之，必须制定强制性法律，使习惯于方便型生活方式的人避免乱扔塑料袋和垃圾。对政府来说，让人人都参与回收工作很重要，否则，环保就变成了无人问津的事。

　解析

　（1） 本段为结论段。

　（2） mandatory 强制性的

　（3） refrain from doing... 避免做......

　本范文中可背诵的句子
　1. Likewise, we are discarding televisions, cell phones, computers and other used items in exchange of new ones that unsurprisingly will become our future garbage.

　同样，我们正在丢弃电视机，手机，电脑和其他旧物品，然后换用新的，而这些新的物品又会毫不奇怪成为未来的垃圾。

　2. Even though our society as a whole is increasingly aware of the environmental pollution, more has to be done to prevent the problem from worsening.

　尽管整个社会日益意识到环境污染，但仍有更多的工作要做，以防止这个问题恶化。

　3. At the same time, government-sponsored recycling education programs (through the media) can be useful to increase recycling by changing people’s behavior and create an environment-friendly culture.

　与此同时，政府资助的回收教育项目(通过媒体)可以改变人们的行为来增加回收，并创造一种环境友好型文化。

　4. In conclusion, mandatory laws must be put in place so that people who are used to the lifestyle of convenience will refrain from throwing away plastic bags and rubbish.

　总之，必须制定强制性法律，使习惯于方便型生活方式的人避免乱扔塑料袋和垃圾。

　5. It is important for governments to make recycling everybody’s business; otherwise, environmental protection might become nobody’s business.

　对政府来说，让人人都参与回收工作很重要，否则，环保就变成了无人问津的事。

　7分范文

　Ours is a “throw-away” society strongly influenced by consumerism as we value convenience over environmental protection. We throw away out of convenience, and societal conventions have us move on to the next fad or technology. For example, we are dumping large quantities of thrash, such as plastic bags and diapers, that we cannot fully dispose of. Likewise, we are discarding televisions, cell phones, computers and other used items in exchange of new ones that unsurprisingly will become our future garbage. Under these circumstances, environmental pollution is the cruel price we have to pay for the consumerism culture in the age of mass production. Even though our society as a whole is increasingly aware of the environmental pollution, more has to be done to prevent the problem from worsening.

　In order to relieve the environmental impact of the consumerism culture, we believe that recycling is the most effective solution. It is necessary for governments to make recycling a legal requirement, and “punish” those who throw away recyclable materials. For example, households will be legally required to separate all rubbish into different bins for recycling, on penalties of fines. New waste management rules should be introduced to act as a deterrent and to encourage people to abide by strict recycling standards. At the same time, government-sponsored recycling education programs (through the media) can be useful to increase recycling by changing people’s behavior and create an environment-friendly culture.

　In conclusion, mandatory laws must be put in place so that people who are used to the lifestyle of convenience will refrain from throwing away plastic bags and rubbish. It is important for governments to make recycling everybody’s business; otherwise, environmental protection might become nobody’s business.

　(291 words)

　英语单词看似难记，但它本身是有规律可循的。英语单词的构词与汉字的偏旁部首有着相通之处。英语单词的“偏旁部首”包括“真偏旁部首”和“假偏旁部首”。“真偏旁部首”在这里指的是词根、词缀。

　一、词义归类法

　将所学到的单词，按词义不同进行分类，这样提到一个，便联想到一串。例如有关动物的单词，可按飞禽、走兽、虫鱼等分类记忆。

　1.表示走兽的名词(按动物形体从大到小容易记)：dragon(龙)，camel，elephant，cattle，donkey(ass，驴)，lion，tiger，leopard(豹)，wolf，deer，sheep，pig，monkey，ape(猿)，bear，fox，rabbit，mouse(mice)，ant等。

　2.表示颜色的形容词(按颜色类型从正色到变色容易记)：coloured(有色的)，colourless，red，yellow(golden)，blue，white(silvery，snowy)，black(dark)，green，orange，brown，grey(gray)，pale(bloodless)，pink(粉色的)，rosy，purple(紫色的)等。

　3.表示动作的动词(按动作力度从大到小容易记)：beat，strike，drag(拖)，push，pull，grasp(抓)，kick，trample(踩)，knock，dig，hoe(松土)，saw(锯)，pour，pick，tear，shake，wipe，sweep，dust(掸灰)，tie，hang，press(按、压)，shave(刮，剃)，count(数)，copy(抄写)等。

　二、符号、缩写归类法

　英语是一种拼音文字，但为了简便，也常用一些符号和缩写的形式来代表单词。

　1.符号：$(dollar)，￠(cent)，￡(pound)，￥(Renminbi)，(poundin weight)，&(and)，@(at)，%(percent)，‰(permile)，§(selection分节号)，(paragraph，段落号)等。

　2.缩写：Mr(Mister)，A.M.(a.m.)(in the morning)，B.C.(BC)(Before Christ)，A.D.(AD)(Anno Domini公元。例如A.D.1949，1949A.D.)，PRC(the People's Republic of China)，UN(United Nations)，e.g.(for example)，etc.(etcetera等等)等。

　三、表示数字和次数的词和词组

　数字分整数、分数、小数;算式分加、减、乘、除等。

　1.表示整数、次数的词组：个(one)，十(ten)，百(hundred)，千(thousand)，万(ten thousand)，十万(one hundred thousand)，百万(million)，千万(ten million)，亿(one hundred million)，十亿(英one thousand million;美billion)，百亿(英ten thousand million;美ten billion);一次(once)，两次(twice)，三次(three times)，四次(four times);次(for the first time)，第二次(for these condtime)，第三次(for the third time);上次(last time)，这次(this time)，下次(next time)等等。

　2.分数、小数：one half，one quarter，five-eighths，two and two-fifths，two point eight(2.8)，zero point five(0.5)，thirty-five point four two nine(35.429)，thirty-nine percent(39%)，four permille(4‰)等。

　四、正反义词归类法

　用正反对照的方法记单词，不仅容易记，用时也比较方便。例如：

　The boy never goes to school late. The boy always goes to school early. (never是always的反义词，late是early的反义词)

　The village is quiet and famous. The village is not noisy and unknown.(quiet是noisy的反义词，famous是unknown的反义词)

　五、同义词和近义词归类

　英语里有很多词性相同的同义词和近义词，它们在句中可以互换使用，但有些却不能互换，对于这一点，在归类记忆时应特别注意，不要弄错。例如：hope&wish，broad&wide，almost&nearly，family&house等。

　大家知道雅思听力题型总体可以分为选择和填空两种。顾名思义，填空题就是让大家写单词的，而选择题就是让大家选字母的。雅思听力的选择中主要包含匹配，单选，多选。由于多选题在官方公布的真题中分布零散，出现的频率低、数量少，导致很多考生在备考的时候没有引起足够的重视。然而多选题的难度却又是相对较高的。本题型大量考察同义替换、辨别重要信息和陷阱的能力，题目信息量大和陷阱信息的干扰性强是它的两大特点。因此这种题型也成为考生们在雅思听力考试中的绊脚石。所以今天就来分析一下雅思听力的多选题的题型特点和应对技巧，希望能帮助同学们攻克多选题。

 　一、特点分析

➢ 选项的干扰性

　多选题常见的两种形式是五选二和七选三。选项繁多，读题时间短，找中心信息困难这几点无疑是同学们做题的障碍。除此之外剑桥真题中无论是多选题的正确选项还是干扰选项都会在录音中被提及的特点更是让基础较差的同学觉得无从下手。往往是听到原词就急于进行选择，无法有效辨别信息，导致失分。我们来看剑五Test1Section1（以下简称511，以此类推）的多选题体会一下。

　Question 5 and 6

　Which TWO things are included in the price of the tour?

　A fishing trip

　B guided bush walk

　C reptile park entry

　D table tennis

　E tennis

　原文：

　Customer: And what about the other things? You know, that are included in the price.

　Receptionist:  Oh, there are a lot of things. If you don’t want to do the whale watch cruise, your guide will take anyone who is interested either on a bushwalk  through a national park near the hotel, and there is no extra charge for that, or  on a fishing trip. That’s an extra $12 I think. And there’s also a reptile park in town - that costs more or less the same.

　Customer : No, I think I prefer whales to snakes.

　Receptionist: Yeah, and if you just want to relax, you are free to sit by the hotel pool or go down the beach. Oh, and they also have tennis courts at the hotel, but you have to pay for those by the hour.but there are also table tennis downstairs and they are part of the accommodation package. Just speak to your

　Guide.

　总结：

　以上例子中A-E均在原文中出现（已用黑体字标出），这两道题的特点是A-E选项均在原文中出现，选项原词出现，容易定位，但是由于干扰信息多，同学们容易陷进题目设置的陷阱。需要同学们在审题的时候能够辨别题目中的限制性信息，例如：included，currently，presented…

➢ 答案的改写性

　改写性，也就是我们雅思听力经常提到的同义替换，即答案通常不会使用选项的原词，而往往会对答案词进行同义替换。这也是雅思听力各种题型加深难度的惯用伎俩。例如，在723的29 和30题中。这两道题的答案是AD。A选项中的No military use 原文中为 for peaceful use; D选项中的no nuclear testing 原文中为 prohibits any nuclear explosions. 这里no改为了prohibits，testing改为了explosions.

　Question 5 and 6

　Which two achievements of the Antarctic Treaty are mentioned by the speakers?

A. No military use.

A. Animals protected.

B. Historic sites preserved.

B. No nuclear testing.

C. Fishing rights protected.

　原文：

　Interviewer: What do you see as the main achievements of the treaty?

　Doctor: Well, firstly it means that the continent is reserved for peaceful use.

　Interviewer: That’s article 1, isn’t it?

　Doctor: Yes…

　Interviewer: that’s important since the territory belongs to everyone.

　Doctor: not as important as Article 5, which prohibits any nuclear explosions or waste disposal.

　总结：

　本类题的特点是，选项发生改写，可能是派生词也可能是同义词等，想要做好此类题需要同学们平时在学习的时候整理出遇到的听力同义改写，逐渐掌握更多的改写信息和改写规律。事实上，及时整理改写是学习雅思听力过程中一直需要做的工作。有利于整体雅思听力的成绩提高。

➢ 答案的概括性

　除了干扰信息多和原文信息改写之外，多选题的答案信息提供还有另外一种方式就是对原文信息进行加工处理之后再用言简意赅的语言表达出来。也就是对原文信息作总结的形式。这里举的例子是剑11 的test4 Section3的21/22题：

　其中正确选项为：B.they had all made music recordings.

　原文：I wasn’t specifically looking for artists who’d produced recordings, but this is something that’s just taken for granted these days, and they all had.

　还有23&24题：

　Which TWO points does Joanna make about her use of telephone interview?

A. It meant rich data could be collected.

B. It allowed the involvement of top performers.

A. It led to stressful atmosphere at times.

B. It meant interview times had to be limited .

C. It caused some technical problems.

　原文：

　Supervisor: Right, now you collected your data through telephone interviews, didn’t you?

　Joanna: Yes, I realized if I was going to interview leading musicians, it’d only be possible over the phone because they’re so busy. I recorded them using a telephone recording adaptor. I’d been worried about the quality, but it worked out all right. I managed at least a 30-minute interview with each subject, sometimes longer.

　Supervisor: Did doing it on the phone made it more stressful?

　Joanna:I’d thought it might…it was all quite informal though and in fact they seemed very keen to talk. And I don’t think using the phone meant I got less rich data, rather the opposite in fact.  

　 Supervisor:interesting…

　这几道题的共同特点就是答案选项均为原文选项的总结信息。那么在做题过程中就需要同学们首先在审题的时候能够找出选项的中心意思，找出选项中的重点所在（题中已经用红色标记出）。其次还要求同学们能够在听力过程中准确定位到与选项谈论内容一致的信息。例如原文中出现的leading musicians和选项中的top performers; 还有原词定位的Rich data. 在我们所讨论的这种总结类的题型里加大难度，除了以上两点之外还需要同学们能够听出其中的逻辑: “因为的音乐家都很忙，所以能让其参与的方法就是通过telephone.” “我不认为…相反…”

　以上就是老师为大家整理出的多选题的出题特点和应对方法了，希望能够帮助到同学们的雅思听力学习。

　在做雅思阅读题的时候，对于题干的深刻理解至关重要。雅思考官为了增加题目难度，会尽可能减少题干中给出的已知信息，但是有一种状语却在惜字如金的题干中频出，想要尽快跟雅思分手，你意识到它的重要性了吗？

　这种状语就是时间状语，不仅仅值得是最明显的2018年这样的年份，还包括哪些？在哪些题目中有出现？应该如何运用它？请让我们细细道来。

　Part1 对于时间的定义

 阅读中对于时间的应用当然不仅仅局限于明显的带年份的时间，还包括相对明显的时间状语，如before，after，follow等词汇也表示时间上的先后顺序，最后还包括最隐性的动词时态暗示，如did，was，had done，will等

　Part2对于时间的应用

　发现了这些形式之后，它们在做题和文章阅读过程中都有很重要的作用，对于细节题如填空和判断可以帮助定位；对于结构性题型如list of heading可以推测段落结构，找到段落主旨；对于一些全文性的乱序题如paragraph matching题可以帮助考生推测全文结构，确定大致段落定位

　作用一：找准定位

　(1) 填空简答类题目

　【7-1-1 10】Long before the invention of radar,       had resulted in a sophisticated radar-like system in bats.

　解析：题干句首的long before就是典型的时间提示，暗示我们在文章中一定有一个相应的替换，果不其然，在下文中即可发现，tens of millions of years earlier就是一个细节替换，辅助其他名词如system的定位，就比较容易能得到正确答案 natural selection.

　The Sonar and Radar pioneers didn’t know it then, but all the world now knows that bats, or rather natural selection working on bats, had perfected the system tens of millions of years earlier.

　【9-1-1 13】 According to the passage, which disease is now being targeted by researchers using synthetic dyes?

　解析：此题出现在文章最后一题，定位段也不难找到是文章的最后一段，但是如何进一步缩小范围呢？这时就要注意到题目中的时间now，在文章中定位的时候也要找到一般现在时出现的地方才可以，这样就不用细读句子，只要快速找到动词判断时态，找到描述现在状态的句子，即可作答。

　Among other dyes he developed and introduced were aniline red (1859) and aniline black (1863) and, in the late 1860s, Perkin’s green. It is important to note that Perkin’s synthetic dye discoveries had outcomes far beyond the merely decorative. The dyes also became vital to medical research in many ways. For instance, they were used to stain previously invisible microbes and bacteria, allowing researchers to identify such bacilli as tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax. Artificial dyes continue to play a crucial role today. And, in what would have been particularly pleasing to Perkin, their current use is in the search for a vaccine against malaria.

　关于类似的习题，同学们自己动手做一个，体验一把吧！

　【9-1-1 10】What was the name finally used to refer to the first colour Perkin invented?

　Perkin originally named his dye Tyrian Purple, but it later became commonly known as mauve (from the French for the plant used to make the colour violet).

　(2)summary

　有填空题本质的summary有时出现乱序，有时同义词不明显，那利用时间状语辅助定位，也是既快又准。

　【6-1-3 33-40】If you visit the Canadian Arctic, you immediately appreciate the problems faced by people for whom this is home. It would clearly be impossible for the people to engage in 33     as a means of supporting themselves. For thousands of years, they have had to rely on catching34      and 35      as a means of sustenance. The harsh surroundings saw many who tried to settle there pushed to their limits, although some were successful. The 36      people were an example of the latter and for them the environment did not prove unmanageable. For the present inhabitants, life continues to be a struggle. The territory of Nunavut consists of little more than ice, rock and a few 37     . In recent years, many of them have been obliged to give up their            38      lifestyle.

　解析：34，35题中虽然出现了并列结构，但是有些同学仍然找不到是哪一组词之间的并列关系。妙的是本题中出现了for thousands of years这个时间，用它在文章中很容易找到a mere 4500 years ago,很容易就找到了定位句，获得答案：sea mammals, fish.

　略有难度的题是36题，大家都会预测出来是填形容词，也容易在文章中找到Thule People和Inuit people,很多同学就填了Inuit people，完美掉入了考官的陷阱。那如何辨别这两个选项呢？大家仍然可以通过时间状语来选出正确答案，36题中动词是were，一般过去时，文章中Thule people发出的动作moved正好是过去时，完全匹配，而Inuit people则是today's Inuit people,可以被排除。

　相似的题目38题大家可以小试牛刀啊~

　The Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that’s covered with snow for most of the year. Venture into this terrain and you get some idea of the hardships facing anyone who calls this home. Farming is out of the question and nature offers meagre pickings. Human first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea mammals and fish. The environment tested them to the limits: sometimes the colonists were successful, sometimes they failed and vanished. But around a thousand years ago, one group emerged that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people moved in from Alaska, bringing kayaks, sleds, dogs, pottery and iron tools. They are the ancestors of today’s Inuit people.

　Life for the descendants of the Thule people is still harsh. Nunavut is 1.9 million square kilometres of rock and ice, and a handful of islands around the North Pole. It’s currently home to 2,500 people, all but a handful of them indigenous Inuit. Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned their nomadic ways and ...

　(3)判断题

　判断题中时间段的出现可以帮助同学们定位和判断出正确答案

　【12-6-3 32】Attitudes towards bilingualism have changed in recent years.

　解析：本题中提到了时间状语In recent years，句子主干意思是态度发生了转变。读文章过程中不难发现文章中有两组时间状语，in the past和over the past few decades，分别读两段时间对应的态度即可发现关于双语者的态度从消极转化成了积极。

　According to the latest figures, the majority of the world’s population is now bilingual or multilingual, having grown up speaking two or more languages. In the past, such children were considered to be at a disadvantage compared with their monolingual peers. Over the past few decades, however, technological advances have allowed researchers to look more deeply at how bilingualism interacts with and changes the cognitive and neurological systems, thereby identifying several clear benefits of being bilingual.

　作用二：推测段落结构

　让考生总是摸不到套路的list of headings题，如何看到了时间的痕迹，问题也就迎刃而解了。文章作者写文章的目的无非就是强调现在的问题非常严重，需要引起读者重视，如果提到了过去的事情则意图在于进行对比，并不是重点内容

　【6-2-1 1-5】

　E It was once assumed that improvements in telecommunications would lead to more dispersal in the population as people were no longer forced into cities. However, the ISTP team’s research demonstrates that the population and job density of cities rose or remained constant in the 1980s after decades of decline. The explanation for this seems to be that it is valuable to place people working in related fields together. ‘The new world will largely depend on human creativity, and creativity flourishes where people come together face-to-face.’

　Paragraph E中首句用了was表示过去时，还用了once来强调过去时间，这样重点强调过去假设的事情非常明显得告诉考生这首句中的内容是迷惑选项，所以可以排除VI这一选项，后文即出现转折however，用一般现在时表示出真正意图：valuable to place people working in related fields together就能选出正确选项：iii

　下面一题留给同学们一展身手吧！

　B In the UK, travel times to work had been stable for at least six centuries, with people avoiding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far higher.

　作用三：推测文章结构

　众所周知，雅思阅读中很多文章都是按照时间顺序推进的，比如人物类文章，时间类文章，看着题干中给出的时间顺序按图索骥，推测每组题目的定位部分是有交叉还是完全正序。

　【9-1-1】剑桥9test1passage1中讲述Perkin的生平，文章只有判断题和简答题两组题，那这两组题目的定位有没有交叉呢？可以根据题干中的关键词有个推测：

　判断题题目如下：

　1 Michael Faraday was the first person to recognise Perkin's ability as a student of chemistry.  

　2 Michael Faraday suggested Perkin should enrol in the Royal College of Chemistry.

　3 Perkin employed August Wilhelm Hofmann as his assistant.  

　4 Perkin was still young when he made the discovery that made him rich and famous.

　5 The trees from which quinine is derived grow only in South America.  

　6 Perkin hoped to manufacture a drug from a coal tar waste product.  

　7 Perkin was inspired by the discoveries of the famous scientist Louis Pasteur.

　填空题个题目：

　8 Before Perkin's discovery, with what group in society was the colour purple associated?

　根据判断题的题目大致可以推断出是按照人物生平考察文章内容，第6题说的是hoped希望制造一种药物，说明还没有做出最后的成果，第7题讲的是被Perkin被别的主体激励，跟自己的研究无关，所以第8题给出Before Perkin’s discovery,出现了研究成果，那么说明第8题在第6、7题之后，两道题目的定位界线比较清晰，没有交叉。

　【9-4-1】剑桥9test4passage1中讲述居里夫人的生平，文章仍然只有判断题和简答题两组题，那这两组题目的定位有没有交叉呢？

　1 Marie Curie's husband was a joint winner of both Marie's Nobel Prizes.

　2 Marie became interested in science when she was a child.

　3 Marie was able to attend the Sorbonne because of her sister's financial contribution.

　4 Marie stopped doing research for several years when her children were born.

　5 Marie took over the teaching position her husband had held.

　6 Marie's sister Bronia studied the medical uses of radioactivity.

　从题干分析中看出仍然是按照时间顺序描述人物的一生，说到了上学，做研究后续工作的事情，下面一组summary题的标题为Marie Curie’s research on radioactivity，那么说明从第4题左右，甚至是第4题之前就可以开始找summary题的定位点了。两道题可以组合做，或者做完判断题后从第四题前面的位置寻找summary的答案。

　Part3结论

　通过上面众多习题的分析和练习，同学们一定都明白了在做题的时候要关注明显的和不那么明显的能够暗示时间变化的动词，另外也学会了如何利用时间状语帮助自己定位和筛选正确答案了。赶快再找一些类似的习题练习起来吧！

2018年8月25日雅思大作文题目

　“Some people say that children should go to school as young as possible, while others believe that children should not start primary school until they are six or seven-years-old. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.”

　解析&审题 

　本周考题要求考生讨论孩子们的上学年龄，这是一个非常古老的题目，同时也是我们在平时生活中经常讨论的话题，因此，唐老师相信这个题目对多数烤鸭来说应该不会陌生。 

　那么，孩子到底该什么时候去接受正规教育呢？是越小越好，还是到6、7岁后再上？很明显，这个问题是见仁见智的。事实上，的确有很多国家，孩子4、5岁就可以上小学，而在其他一些国家，孩子需要到6、7岁后才能上小学。每个国家当然是根据自己国家的情况来制定政策的。

　总体说来，孩子越早上学似乎有利于孩子的学习，同时还可以减轻父母的负担，让他们尽快重返工作岗位；但孩子上学过早也有问题，比如过早让孩子担负学习压力，可能让他们在将来失去学习的兴趣，同时，如果孩子们太小不理解教育的意义，他们未来变成问题学生的几率也会更大。

　老师笔记

 01

 There is much debate about when the transition between play-based preschool and the start of formal schooling should begin. For different purposes, the formal school starting age varies from country to country, ranging from four to seven.

 关于什么时候开始从以玩耍为基础的学前教育向正规教育转变，有很多争论。出于不同目的，不同国家的正式入学年龄不同，从4岁到7岁均有。

 解析

　（1） 开头对题目观点进行了重新表述。

　（2） debate 争论；讨论

　（3） transition 过渡

　（4） for different purposes 出于不同目的

　（5） vary 与......不同

　（6） range from... to... 在......幅度内变化

　02

　Some people believe that “earlier is better”. On the one hand, children who receive formal instructions at four to five years old will hold advantages over those who start school at six to seven, since formal education can supply a good foundation for children, promoting them to form their own ideas, communicate and socialize with other students, and develop their knowledge. On the other hand, it may also make it possible for parents to return to the workforce earlier and reduce childcare costs.

　有些人认为“越早越好”。一方面，在四至五岁时接受正式教育的儿童将比六至七岁开始上学的儿童占优势，因为正规教育可以为儿童提供良好的基础，促进他们形成自己的思想，与其他学生进行交流和社交，并发展他们的知识。另一方面，它还可能使父母提前返回劳动力市场，从而降低儿童保育成本。

　解析

　（1） 本段讨论孩子们越早上学的好处，主要包括孩子的成长，以及对父母的好处。

　（2） instructions 指导；教育

　（3） supply something for somebody （=provide）为某人提供某物

　（4） socialize with... 与......交往 

　03

　Other people, however, argue that there will be negative consequences if children are forced to receive formal instruction at too early an age. This argument calls for an extension of informal, play-based preschool for the start of formal schooling to be delayed until the age of six to seven. If children are brought into school very young and then they are asked to behave in ways they cannot, they may become problem children later. Abundant evidence has shown that many of improper behaviors stem from starting school too early. In the interests of children’s academic achievements and emotional well-being, these evidence should be taken seriously. 

　然而，另一些人则认为，如果儿童过早地被迫接受正规教育，会产生负面影响。这个论点呼吁延长非正式的、以玩耍为主的学前阶段，以将正式入学的时间推迟到六岁到七岁。如果孩子很小就被带到学校，然后被要求以他们不能做到的方式做事，他们以后可能会变成有问题的孩子。大量的证据表明，许多不适合的行为都源于过早上学。为孩子的学业成绩和情感利益着想，这些证据值得认真对待。

　解析

　（1） 本段讨论孩子应该在6-7岁以后上学的理由。

　（2） consequence 后果

　（3） extension 延长；延伸

　（4） problem children 问题孩子

　（5） abundant 足够的；大量的

　（6） stem from... 源于......

　（7） take...seriously 认真对待......

　04

　In conclusion, although some people think that children should start formal schooling at four to five, others believe that it should be delayed until six to seven. The decision depends on each country’s primary-school educational policy. In many parts of the world, this issue continues to be debatable about which policy is more likely to pay off.

　总之，虽然有些人认为儿童应在4至5岁开始正规教育，但另一些人认为应该推迟到6至7岁。这个决定取决于每个国家的小学教育政策。在世界的许多地方，至于哪个政策更可能带来回报，仍有争议。

　解析

　（1） 总结本文观点：两个观点均有理由，但到底采用哪个观点，则取决于不同国家的政策。

　（2） depend on 取决于......

　（3） debatable 有待争议的

　（4） pay off 取得回报，成功

　本范文中可背诵的句子

　1. For different purposes, the formal school starting age varies from country to country, ranging from four to seven.

　出于不同目的，不同国家的正式入学年龄不同，从4岁到7岁均有。

　2. On the one hand, children who receive formal instructions at four to five years old will hold advantages over those who start school at six to seven, since formal education can supply a good foundation for children, promoting them to form their own ideas, communicate and socialize with other students, and develop their knowledge.

 一方面，在四至五岁时接受正式教育的儿童将比六至七岁开始上学的儿童占优势，因为正规教育可以为儿童提供良好的基础，促进他们形成自己的思想，与其他学生进行交流和社交，并发展他们的知识。

　3. If children are brought into school very young and then they are asked to behave in ways they cannot, they may become problem children later.

　如果孩子很小就被带到学校，然后被要求以他们不能做到的方式做事，他们以后可能会变成有问题的孩子。

　7分范文

　There is much debate about when the transition between play-based preschool and the start of formal schooling should begin. For different purposes, the formal school starting age varies from country to country, ranging from four to seven.

　Some people believe that “earlier is better”. On the one hand, children who receive formal instructions at four to five years old will hold advantages over those who start school at six to seven, since formal education can supply a good foundation for children, promoting them to form their own ideas, communicate and socialize with other students, and develop their knowledge. On the other hand, it may also make it possible for parents to return to the workforce earlier and reduce childcare costs. 

　Other people, however, argue that there will be negative consequences if children are forced to receive formal instruction at too early an age. This argument calls for an extension of informal, play-based preschool for the start of formal schooling to be delayed until the age of six to seven. If children are brought into school very young and then they are asked to behave in ways they cannot, they may become problem children later. Abundant evidence has shown that many of improper behaviors stem from starting school too early. In the interests of children’s academic achievements and emotional well-being, these evidence should be taken seriously.

　In conclusion, although some people think that children should start formal schooling at four to five, others believe that it should be delayed until six to seven. The decision depends on each country’s primary-school educational policy. In many parts of the world, this issue continues to be debatable about which policy is more likely to pay off.

　(289 words)

　雅思大作文一直是同学们在雅思考 试中的拦路虎。在教学的过程中我们也 常常发现，很多学生写的句子空洞、不 饱满。究其原因，大多是没有对论证进 行细节化的处理。
　今天我们就从 3 个方 面一起来分析一下，怎样才能让自己写 出的句子充满细节，变得更加饱满。

　1. 介词 / 介词短语 2. 举例 3. 对比

　细节-介词 / 介词短语
　介词或介词短语的概念相信大家都 不陌生，那么我们怎么在雅思写作中去 运用呢？
　我们从考官的范文中总结出考官常常用到以下介词：in/ in terms of/ in regard to/regardless of 来扩 充论证部分。
　我 们 首 先 以 剑 桥 5 TEST 2 中 gap year 一文中的例句来学习一下这样的用法。
　In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high

　school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this?
　在这篇例文的立论段中，有一个非常经典的论点句，考官在论述间隔年的 好处的时候，提到学生如果可以体验间隔年的话，他们会变得更加独立。很多学生在论证此论点的时候，基本的思路 是：
　他们会更独立，而独立是一个重要的因素，并且给予他们很多优势。
　They would be more independent, which is an important factor and gives them a wide variety of advantages.
　乍一看，这样的论证并没有什么不 妥，可是考官看到这样的句子会觉得非常空洞。那么我们不妨思考一下独立作为一个重要的因素体现在什么方面呢？
　与此同时，当我们论证独立可以带来很 多优势的时候，具体又指的是什么呢？ 我们来看考官给出的范例，就通过介词 短语的方式对论证过程进行了细节化处理，让整个句子都饱满了起来：
　They would be more independent, which is an important factor in academic study and research, as well as giving them a wide variety of advantages in/in terms of coping with the challenges .
　从考官的范文中，我们可以看到， 考官提到了独立作为一个重要的因素体 现在学生的学习和研究中，而优势细化 后体现在面临挑战的时候。
　同样的，我们在很多作文的开头段 中，都有一个步骤是引出下文，来表明 自己的立场。很多同学在写作的时候会 写到：我完全同意他们 I agree with them completely.
　这样的句子也因为没有根据话题进行细节化处理，考官不能一目了然的明 白学生的点，而让考官读起来丈二摸不 着头脑。我们来看一下细化之后的句子。
　I find myself in complete agreement with them in regard to environmental protection/private vehicle's application.
　我们再看一个例句：
　其他人认为人们应该自由地选择他 们喜欢的运动。范文在处理的时候在后 面加上了 regardless of its danger, 让整个句子更加饱满了起来。
　Others hold the view that people should be free to choose whatever sports they prefer, regardless of its danger.

　细节-举例
　另外一种增加句子表达饱满度的方法就是举例。很多时候学生写出来的句 子因为没有用例子扩充，导致整个论证过程趋于空洞。
　比如如果我们想证明远程教学给很多人带来便利，不但可以具体说明如何 便利，还可以把受益的人具体化（通过 举例罗列的方法），从而让考官看出我们对于远程教学的了解是充分的。下面我们来看一下范文。
　Students do not need to travel to school or attend classes in person at a fixed time if they register a distance-learning programme. This convenience means much to some groups of people with special needs to get education, such as full time workers who are busy working, mothers who have to take care of their baby, disabled people or those who admire to access a foreign university but cannot leave their homeland.
　同样的当我们论证到电视节目可以 给观众提供大量信息的时候，也不妨通 过举例的方式告诉考官，到底提供了哪些方面的信息，从而使整个论证饱满。
　There are plenty of well-made TV programmes that provide viewers with information on such diverse

　topics as history, science, medicine, foreign languages and economics.
　提到领很高的薪水的人的时候，也 可以采取同样的办法：
　Many people find their rewards unfair, especially when comparing these super salaries with those of top surgeons or research scientists, or even leading politicians who have the responsibility of governing the country.

　3.细节-对比compared with/ 比较级/rather than
　第三种增加细节，让论证表达丰富 的起来的办法是通过对比的写作手法来 达到目地。
　在论证到大学相对于网络教学的优 点的时候，我们不妨在前面加上相比于 网络教学，来达到目地 ：
　Compared with a single computer, a variety of teaching facilities, such as laboratories, libraries, sports equipment and the playground in college, （上 文 提 到 的 举 例）students are more ready to do various experiments and physical exercises.
　同样论证电子游戏容易让用户沉溺 于虚拟世界时，我们可以通过与现实生 活中的消遣进行比较，从而使得论证更 加的饱满。
　Users,or gamers,are transported into virtual worlds which are often more exciting and engaging than real-life pastimes.
　在论证电子游戏的危害的时候，可 以通过对比传统游戏来让句子丰富起 来。
　These are often electronic games rather than traditional games that tend to be very intense and rather violent in plots, and image.

　以上三种方法可以很好的帮助同学 们在写作的时候规避论证空洞、句子干 瘪的情况，让自己的表达更加丰富和饱 满。希望同学们按照我们讲的方法强加 练习，早日与雅思分手成功！

无论是想要准备口语考试，或是快速适应留学生活，一些口语中的固定搭配和常用的俚语相信都会为大家带来很大的帮助。要说最适合练口语的英美剧，《生活大爆炸》能位列前三。下面为大家带来经典美剧《生活大爆炸》口语200句整理。

1.reach an impasse: 遭遇窘境

2.childhood issues:童年的问题

3.be a natural at sth.:擅长做某事

4.roll the dice:滚筛子

5.be pedantic:迂腐的

6.look on the bright side:从积极的一面看问题

7.choke on sth:吃。。噎到

8.have a little spat:口水战(sheldon一直乐此不疲的)

9.take your mind off those things:不要再想这些问题

10.back off:让开

11.be itching to do sth:渴望做某事

12.have the guts to do:有勇气做某事(eg.Raj will never have the guts to

talk to hot girls.)

13.pick up on all her little hints:领会她的某些暗示

14.be a little peeved:耍脾气

15.build an empire with sb from the ground:与某人一起白手起家

16.It's a sign:这是注定的

17.drift out：开小差(字面意思：汽车移滑 =half-listening/half-minded)

18.blend in:融入圈子

19.put yourself down:摆平自己(=swallow your pride)

20.I‘m a little on edge:我刚有点激动，不耐烦(貌似是sheldon说的)

21.It baffles me:…让我不解(sheldon常说)

22.miss speaking for the couple now:妻管严(Haward说Penny 和Leonard)

23.obnoxious and insufferable:又讨厌又难以忍受(好像是Leonard说Sheldon)

24.expel sb from the country:把某人从国家驱逐出去(Raj)

25.Be deported:被驱逐

26.on trial:在实验中或者受审

27.lose my cool:哥不淡定了(这么觉得这能Sheldon 能说出来)

28.run into a dead end:死路一条

29.be adept at reading facial cues:擅长察言观色(from Sheldon )

30.conjugal visit:夫妻之间的访问

31.I'm the third wheel:我是电灯泡

32.make a pact:约法三章

33.pull strings:套近乎

34.maternity leave:产假

35.buckle down:认真做事或者扣紧

36.homunculus:雏形人(Sheldon讽刺Leonard)

37.future appears to be bleak:前途惨淡

38.What stakes do you propose:你和我赌神马?

39.you have a wager:你有赌注了

40.ironic doesn't agree with me:我不喜欢讽刺

41.shack up with sb:与某人同居

42.first come, first serve:先到先得

43.take the pressure off:卸下压力

44.fix on the trivial:为小事纠结(Leonard 形容Sheldon)

45.in a moment filled with biblical resonance:醍醐灌顶

46.self-criticism and repentance:自我批评和后悔

47.catch a break:休息一下

48.buoy my spirit:振奋精神

49.lessen your discomfort:减轻你的不适

50.ground-breaking strikes:极大的打击

51.career trajectory has taken a minor detour:职业道路有点偏差

52.with a docterate:获得博士学位(eg.Haward is the only men who does not possess a doctrate.)

53.be a godsend:及时雨

54.I am engineered:我是试管婴儿

55.one's life revolve around:某人的生活以。。为中心

56.be wiped clean:一干二净了

57.beneath the exterior,there are cracks:在貌似完好的外表下充满了危机

58.cool off :冷静下来

59.Mull over:考虑

60.go off on the wrong foot:有些误解

61.I'm in no position to do:我没有打算去做。。

62.I don't possess the tool of leadership:我不擅长领导

63.pipe dream:白日梦

64.deploy out on a mission:为一个任务差遣

65.old prank:常用的笑话-fall for one of sheldon's old pranks

66.hover over my head:在我脑袋中盘旋

67.telephone is unlisted：没有存电话

68.sullen teenage daughter:沉闷的处于青春期的女儿

69.I'm on fire:我状态超好。

70.be within earshot:还在听力范围之内

71.bonus question:附加题

72.propose an enormous undertaking:费了很大精力

73.I'm not good with cold:我怕冷

74.descend into anarchy:衰退至无政府状态

75.mind-blowing:引起幻觉的，兴奋的

76.zip your hole:把嘴闭上

77.make small talk:闲聊

78.get me wrong:误解我

79.get your mind off this:别再想这个了

80.What do you say?：你觉得呢?

81.blissful evening:美妙的夜晚

82.mouthwash:漱口水 body wash:沐浴液 hair conditioner:护发素

83.catch up with you:跟上你

84.ravish me:蹂躏我吧

85.break dancer:噼啪舞者

86.housewarming gift:搬家礼物

87.a little bubbles forming on the corners of one'smouth:恨得某人咬牙切齿(Penny给Sheldon找CD那集)

88.outearn sb:比某人挣钱多

89.assembly line:流水线

90.be condescening:屈尊的

91.take a nap:小睡一会

92.bluetooth:蓝牙

93.head off：扼杀

94.quench our thirst:遏制渴望

95.pull together:齐心协力(Penny做头花那集)

96.can't-miss smypossium:不可错过的论坛会

97.get a shot=take a shot:试一试

98.creep sb out:恶心某人

99.be disproportionate to my physical stature:和我体型不成比例

100.unmitigated disaster:为缓解的灾难

101.flash drive:优盘

102.slumdog millionare:平民窟的百万富翁

103.small package good things:浓缩就是精华(Leonard形容自己)

104.moonpie:小甜心(Sheldon的memaww)

105.black out:晕倒

106.pop into my head:在我的脑海中出现

107.go black:失去意识

108.lifesaver:救命恩人

109.intrude on:侵犯

110.take it personally:别介意

111.be too hard on sb:对某人太苛刻

112.be louging on a sofa:在沙发上懒散得躺着

113.enlighten sb:启发某人

114.never-ending stream of:永无止境的。。

115.find out sound:润嗓子

116.menopausal symptoms：更年期

117.perky:活泼(penny 去试镜)

118.be tempted:被。。吸引

119.smooth talker:擅长谈话的人

120.despite a hard and crusty shell, he is a sensitive

men:在坚强的外表下，他是一个内心敏感的人

121.nuture it and make it shine:培养它

122.get over oneself:别自以为是

123.call it off：取消

124.get braces off:把牙套去掉

125.my hubris and my pride:我的自以为是和骄傲

126.a little carried away：有点过分

127.you pick up on that：你看穿了

128.hit it off:合得来

129. be behind on one's bill:手头紧

130.move a conversation forward:推进谈话

131.get off my case:别管我

132.It's my treat.:我请客

133.takeout food:外带

134.sit-ups:仰卧起坐

135.The die has been cast:木已成舟

136.bring it on yourself:自找

137.lay the following conundrum at your feet:自找困难

138.conversation opener:开场白

139.slide over one:坐座位向旁边移一个

140.tell on sb:打小报告(Leonard向Sheldon他妈)

141.that is big of you:气量大(Penny形容Sheldon)

142.well played:够狠(Sheldon 和PeNNY 斗那集)

143.psydo-reality:仿真秀

144.put it on the agenda:放在行程中

145.put it on mute:放静音

146.take a stand:明确立场

147.rever sb:崇拜某人(Sheldon的女学生)

148.You are so witty:你真狡猾

149.it tickles:痒痒

150.doze off:打瞌睡

151.I'M On a roll:人气高

152.hassle with:与…斗争

153.my door is open:我随时欢迎你

154.weep for:流泪

155.second-rate mind/lesser mind/mediocro mind:智商一般的(Sheldon说烂了都)

156.I'm close to a breadthrough:我差点就破记录了

157.lower a bar:降低标准

158.flaunt one's success:炫耀某人的成功

159.close-up:特写

160.be rife with:充满了

161.crash to the ground:化为huijin

162.make oneself scarce：溜走

163.make pee-pee：尿尿

164.screen people out:筛选人

165.snort of derision:嘲讽的声音

166.shore up self-esteen:建立起自尊

167.I'll take the bullit:我先试吧

168.spy on sb:监视某人

169.sb is a close talker:善于交谈的人

170.get on my nerve:惹毛我了

171.cross my mind:出现在我的脑海中

172.I don't kown where I am:我不知道自己所处的位置

173.We are a good fit:我俩很合适

174.she speaks my language:她和我是一路人

175.be at each other's throat:看对方不顺眼

176.hobnob with people :与人过分亲近

177.beat our brains out：绞尽脑汁

178.make a habit of it:形成习惯

179.dwell on:总想着

180.go off:走火

181.Life I envisioned/pictured for us:我所预想的生活

182. be meant for each other:天生的一对

183.have a yen for me:对我蠢蠢欲动

184.thoughts started taking precedence over feeling:理性战胜利感性

185.as the last days expired:随着剩下几天慢慢消逝

186.keep options open:保持自由身(Leonard描述他和penny的交往)

187.hook up with sb:与某人交往

188.Are you high:你喝高了么?

189.hold out for rediculous fatasy:坚持无聊的幻想

190.I do not judge a book by its cover，I'am interested in the person underneath:我不会以貌取人

191.masturbatory fantasies:YY

192.fiddle with oneself:摆弄自己

193.sink to his level:降低到他的水平

194.the more,the merrier:人越多，越好

195.play innocent with:装清纯

196.put it on vibrant:调成振动

197.take some sense into you:调教调教你

198.remarkable and highachieving:有卓越成就的(Sheldon讽刺Penny没学问时)

199.at length:详细的

200.hungover:宿醉(Sheldon他妈)

2018年8月11日雅思大作文题目

　“ Nowadays a large amount of advertising is aimed at children. Some people think this can have negative effects on children and should be banned. To what extent do you agree or disagree?”

　«9分达人雅思写作真题还原及解析3»第166-168页有本题解析和高分范文。

　解析&审题

　本题为彻底的旧题，重复的是2014年4月24日和2016年2月20日的旧题，几乎两年就会重出江湖，值得大家关注。其实，广告类话题一直都是雅思作文的常见话题。

　本题的关键是：儿童广告被认为对孩子产生了负面影响，那么是不是该禁止针对儿童的广告呢？这类问题，考生可以采取一边倒的论述方式，比如禁止儿童广告，这种结构需要考生找出2-3个禁止儿童广告的理由并加以论证；考生也可以采取双边讨论的方式，既论证儿童广告的价值，又论证其消极影响，最后讨论到底该怎么办。本范文采取种方式，即一边倒地论证儿童广告应该被禁止理由：首先，儿童广告往往过分强调其好玩的一面，从而让孩子觉得学习不需要认真努力；其次，儿童广告往往根据其产品特征，过分夸大这个世界的危险性或者安全性，让儿童对世界产生错误的认识。

　以下是唐老师提供的7分范文。

老师笔记

01

　Advertisements aimed at children can be seen everywhere these days: TV, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet. While these advertisements do have some benefits - they are informative at least, I am quite convinced that they are more harmful than beneficial to children.

现在到处都是以儿童为目标人群的广告：电视，报纸，杂志，网络。当然，这些广告的确有一些好处，它们至少能提供有用的信息，但我深信它们对儿童的危害远大于益处。

　解析

　开头引出话题。儿童广告无处不在，并明确提出自己的观点：儿童广告弊大于利。

　（2） “While”表示转折。

　（3） informative 提供信息的

　（4）I am convinced that... 我确信......（= I am sure, I believe)

　（5）more harmful than beneficial to... 对......来说弊大于利。

02

　In the first place, in order to attract children, many advertisers tend to overemphasise the "fun side" of their products. More often than not they will promote such products as computer games, dolls, animal parks, and so on. I admit these stuff may be important to children, yet too much of them would distract children from their study. Even when they are advertising learning-aid products, the advertisers often claim their products will make children's learning process full of fun. This is really bad because it gives children a false impression that they do not have to put serious efforts into their study. 

　首先，为了吸引儿童，许多广告商倾向于过分强调其产品“好玩的方面”。它们时常推广的是像电脑游戏，玩偶，动物园等产品。我承认这些东西对孩子可能十分重要，但是过多接触这些东西会使孩子从学习中分心。即使是推销辅助学习的产品，广告商也通常会宣称他们的产品会让孩子的学习过程充满乐趣。这样做的影响十分恶劣，因为这会给孩子一个错误的印象，使得他们认为学习不必付出努力。

　解析

　（1） 提出反对儿童广告的个理由：儿童广告过度强调其有趣的方面。论证的时候注意论据的推进：虽然乐趣对儿童十分重要，但过于强调乐趣会使孩子从学习中分心—即使是推广学习辅助产品也过于强调其娱乐性，使孩子不能严肃对待学习。

　（2） more often than not (= often, frequently）经常

　（3） distract sb. from sth. 使某人从某事中分心

　（4） give sb. a false impression 给某人错误的印象

03

　At the same time, children advertising is partly responsible for children being kept away from the reality. Catering to the psychological needs of children, many advertisements describe the world in highly imaginative and unrealistic manners. For instance, when they want to promote their doll weapons, they will describe the world as a place full of bad guys. A child exposed to such advertising may develop a deep sense of hostility to the world. On the other hand, when they want to sell entertainment park tickets to children, they will describe the world as a place full of love and without any danger at all. A child who has been made to believe this kind of advertising will have a hard time when they come across troubles in real life.

　同时，儿童广告某种程度上导致了儿童远离现实。为了迎合孩子的心理需求，很多广告用极其富于想象力和不现实的方式描述这个世界。比如说，当广告商想要推广武器玩具时，他们会描述一个充满了坏蛋的世界。一个孩子若是处于这样的广告环境下可能会对世界有很深的敌意。另一个方面，当广告商想售卖游乐园的门票时，他们会描述一个充满爱、没有任何危险的世界。一个孩子如果被影响而相信这类广告，当他/她在现实遇到麻烦的时候就会处境艰难。

　解析

　（1） 本段提出反对儿童广告的第二个理由：儿童广告导致儿童远离现实，并从两方面举例（要么对世界充满敌意，要么对世界充满美好的幻想）；举例能使得论据丰满而且又有说服力，并且字数也不愁了！

　（2） be partly responsible for 对…负部分责任，部分导致......

　（3） keep away from reality 远离现实

　（4） cater to 迎合......

　（5） unrealistic 不现实的

　（6） expose (to) 暴露于......

　（7） hostility 敌意，仇恨

　（8） come across 遇见，遭遇

04

　To conclude, since most children advertisements are misleading, they are really harmful to children who are not old enough to tell the difference between imagination and reality. Indeed, these advertisements may provide useful information for children, but these information can be obtained from other more reliable sources. Therefore, my strong suggestion is that children advertising be banned.

　总的来说，大多数儿童广告有误导性，对那些年龄幼小还不能够区分想象和现实的孩子来说危害很大。实际上，也许这些广告能为儿童提供有用的信息，但这些信息也可以从其它更可靠的途径获取。因此，我强烈建议儿童广告应该被禁止。

　解析

　（1） 总结本文观点：由于儿童广告有误导性，因此对还不能区分想象和现实的儿童来说是有害的；尽管这些广告能提供信息，但这些信息可以从更可靠的渠道获得；因而儿童广告应该被禁止。

　（2） to conclude 总之（类似词组还有in conclusion，in short，all in all）

　（3） misleading 误导性的

　（4） tell the difference between…”区分…

　本范文中可背诵的句子　

　1. While these advertisements do have some benefits - they are informative at least, I am quite convinced that they are more harmful than beneficial to children.

　当然，这些广告的确有一些好处，它们至少能提供有用的信息，但我深信它们对儿童的危害远大于益处。　

　2. I admit these stuff may be important to children, yet too much of them would distract children fromtheir study.

　我承认这些东西对孩子可能十分重要，但是过多接触这些东西会使孩子从学习中分心。

　3. Catering to the psychological needs of children, many advertisements describe the world in highly imaginative and unrealistic manners.

　为了迎合孩子的心理需求，很多广告用极其富于想象力和不现实的方式描述这个世界。

　4. To conclude, since most children advertisements are misleading, they are really harmful to children who are not old enough to tell the difference between imagination and reality.

　总的来说，大多数儿童广告有误导性，对那些年龄幼小还不能够区分想象和现实的孩子来说危害很大。

7分范文

　Advertisements aimed at children can be seen everywhere these days: TV, newspapers, magazines, and the Internet. While these advertisements do have some benefits - they are informative at least, I am quite convinced that they are more harmful than beneficial to children.

　In the first place, in order to attract children, many advertisers tend to overemphasise the "fun side" of their products. More often than not they will promote such products as computer games, dolls, animal parks, and so on. I admit these stuff may be important to children, yet too much of them would distract children from their study. Even when they are advertising learning-aid products, the advertisers often claim their products will make children's learning process full of fun. This is really bad because it gives children a false impression that they do not have to put serious efforts into their study.

　At the same time, children advertising is partly responsible for children being kept away from the reality. Catering to the psychological needs of children, many advertisements describe the world in highly imaginative and unrealistic manners. For instance, when they want to promote their doll weapons, they will describe the world as a place full of bad guys. A child exposed to such advertising may develop a deep sense of hostility to the world. On the other hand, when they want to sell entertainment park tickets to children, they will describe the world as a place full of love and without any danger at all. A child who has been made to believe this kind of advertising will have a hard time when they come across troubles in real life.

　To conclude, since most children advertisements are misleading, they are really harmful to children who are not old enough to tell the difference between imagination and reality. Indeed, these advertisements may provide useful information for children, but these information can be obtained from other more reliable sources. Therefore, my strong suggestion is that children advertising be banned.

　(330 words)

　美国大学并没有统一的转学政策，所有关于转学相应的政策和要求都是高校自己制定。所以一定要提前了解清楚心仪学校到底接不接收转学生，转学的要求等。有些学校的不同学院的招生情况也不同。

　以下是根据美国大部分大学的转学申请时间（转学生申请的截止时间通常在 2、3月份。4-6月份也有少数学校在招生。春季入学的申请截止时间通常在 9-11 月份，集中在 10 月的比较多）制定的从暑假开始到次年6月，每一阶段都有要完成的申请动作。

　准备流程

　暑假:开始做学校调查，春季申请生开始文书、填写申请系统。

　9-10月:

　1. 与教授建立关系，参加社团活动、机构工作；

　2. 春季申请生选择学校，获取大学成绩单，询问推荐信，国际生申请助学金，绿卡及公民填写FAFSA / CSS / IDOC（一般11月初截止），提交申请材料（一般9月-11月初截止）。

　11月末:UC提交申请截止.

　1月:

　1. 秋季申请生开始写文书，填写申请系统，获取高中及大学成绩单；

　2. UC秋季成绩单提交截止。

　1月中-2月初:秋季申请生询问教授要推荐信。

　3月:

　1. 秋季申请生：绿卡及公民填写FAFSA / CSS / IDOC，国际生申请助学金；

　2. 提交申请材料（部分学校有可能早于或晚于3月）。

　4月中:秋季申请生发送成绩单。

　4月中-6月:秋季申请生收到录取结果。

　注：

　1.上文中春季和秋季分别指春季入学和秋季入学，大一时只能申请次年秋季入学。

　2.UC系统只接受申请大三秋季入学的大二学生。

　3.部分学校可能有特殊的要求。

　转学准备

　2017年，美国大学招生咨询委员会（NACAC）公布的高校招生情况报告中公布了针对转学生录取的一些重要因素统计。

　在大多数大学中，转学录取与否有两个相当重要的因素：GPA(认为重要的占81%)和可转移课程的平均成绩(认为重要的占75%)，其他的还包括选择的课程、文书、推荐信、活动等。

　以下，我们具体来说明。

　1. GPA
　在校成绩无疑是转学申请中的重头戏，大二申请转学基本只看大学GPA，因为它直观反映了学生的能力，只有GPA足够高才能让高校相信你有够胜任大学阶段的课程。大一申请还会参考高中GPA。

　几所转学热门校录取学生成绩如下：

　Georgetown University平均3.83
　Emory University 平均大于 3.5
　University of California, Berkeley 3.65-3.94
　University of California, Los Angeles 3.63-3.93
　University of Southern California 平均3.7
　University of Virginia平均3.5

　UC系统的转学对于加州社区大学的学生比较容易，除了UCB/UCLA/UCSD,其他分校都有转学对接协议（TAG），一般对于3.3+的GPA学生都会有学校能保证录取。

　2. 选课
　美国大学的课程设置是树形结构的，你只有学过标号为1001 的课程才能去学2001， 你只有学过2001才可以学3001。由于这种选课的限制，很多学生实际上在大一大二的时候已经在为未来的专业做准备了。也正因如此，一些学校也会对于转学生大学期间已修的课程有一定要求。

　3. 活动
　活动贵在精不在多，讲座、实习、研究、社团、志愿活动都是很棒的选择。与前两点相似，活动需要紧扣意向专业相关的领域，且招生官会更注重你在大学期间所参加的活动。

　4. 标准化考试
　不少学校会要求转学生提交SAT / ACT，特别是常春藤联盟的高校，比如耶鲁大学转学生申请明确要求申请者必须提交SAT/ACT成绩；大部分学校都需要提交托福 / 雅思成绩。但标化在转学申请中的作用有限，要是因为刷标化影响GPA，那就是因小失大了。

　5. 推荐信
　推荐信需要你早早地和教授打好关系。可以通过做科研或者当助教（TA）的方式让教授了解你，至少在申请截止前一个月开始和教授沟通推荐信的事宜。

　6. 文书
　文书方面也推荐侧重意向专业和规划。

　2018年8月，CA将全面推出新的转学申请系统，Common Application系统的转学主文书就要求学生阐述转学的理由和人生目标：

　“Please provide a statement that addresses your reasons for transferring and the objectives you hope to achieve.” (250-650 words)

　此外，不同学校、学院还会有自己的附加文书。

2018年8月2日雅思大作文题目：现在的游戏不及传统的有助于孩子发展技能吗？

“Some people say that modern children’s games do not contribute to their development (of a wide range of skills) as much as traditional games do. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.”

解析&审题

本周的题目是一个难得的新题，要求比较现代的游戏和传统游戏在发展孩子技能方面的优劣势。

对于这种作文，烤鸭们可以采用双边讨论模式，即先讨论传统游戏对孩子技能发展的作用，然后讨论现代的游戏（主要是电脑游戏）的作用，最后比较一下各自的优劣势；

当然烤鸭也可以采用一边倒的模式，即重点讨论传统游戏的好处和现代（电子）游戏的坏处。唐老师认为，本题采用一边倒模式写起来似乎更得心应手。那么，和电子游戏相比，传统游戏对发展孩子技能有哪些好处呢？唐老师能想到的好处包括：锻炼身体、锻炼主动性、人际合作能力、解决问题的能力，等等，而现代的电子游戏则让孩子缺乏锻炼，养成孤僻性格，与真实世界脱节。

以下是唐老师撰写的7分范文。本范文的基本构思为：

1. 开头段引出话题，并明确表明自己的观点；

2. 传统游戏对开发孩子技能方面的优势；

3. 现代电子游戏对孩子的消极影响；

4. 结论段。

老师笔记

01

It looks like that modern-day children are in danger of missing out some of the finest games played by their grandparents. Relatively, children growing up in the world of today would rather stay inside and play video games than go outside and play traditional games. Typically, those modern games do not contribute so much to children’s development of many life skills as those traditional games.

看上去，现代的孩子们可能会错过祖父母玩的一些最精彩的游戏。相对而言，在当今世界长大的孩子宁愿待在家里玩电子游戏，而不是出门玩传统游戏。通常，这些现代游戏对孩子许多生活技能发展所起的作用不如那些传统游戏。

解析

(1) 本段前两句提出现象，第三句给出自己的观点。在句式上，第二句和第三句都使用了副词置句首的写法。

(2) in danger of 有......的危险

(3) relatively 相对说来

(4) typically 通常说来

02

Most adults’ happiest childhood memories probably revolve around simple pleasures from playing such games as hide and seek, kicking the can, building sandcastles, flying kite, skipping rope, and climbing tree. A number of ‘folk’ games which have been passed from generation to generation have many positive effects, including physical skills and socializing skills. What is more, since traditional games are usually played with minimal technology and maximum freedom, children can learn by example from other children without any pre-programed rules. Children need to play traditional games as a physical and mental necessity in the open air, instead of just playing computer games like a little nerd in front of the screen.

大多数成年人最快乐的童年记忆可能围绕着玩捉迷藏、踢罐、建沙堡、放风筝、跳绳和爬树等简单的乐趣。许多代代相传的“民间”游戏具有积极的作用，包括身体技能和社交技能。更重要的是，由于玩传统游戏通常几乎不需要任何技术，并有的自由，孩子们可以言传身教，而没有任何预先编程的规则。孩子们需要在户外玩传统游戏作为一种生理和精神需求，而不仅仅像一个小书呆子在屏幕前玩电脑游戏。

解析

(1) 本段分析传统游戏的优势：身体和社交技能；自由的创造精神。

(2) revolve around 围绕着......

(3) pass from generation to generation 代代相传

(4) minimal 极少的

(5) maximum 最多的

(6) in the open air 在户外

(7) nerd 迷；呆子

03

As long as children enjoy playing, there is nothing wrong with modern games, if they are not played excessively. However, it must be pointed out that modern electronic gadgets are likely to affect negatively children’s wellbeing. There are even fears that technology is creating a generation of lonely children who struggle to make friends. Lack of exercise is also a key factor behind soaring levels of obesity, with the average youngster spending long hours daily playing video games, and little time doing outdoor exercise. Therefore, whereas digital games have their share of cognitive benefits ranging from improved problem solving skills to spatial navigation abilities, they nevertheless tend to isolate children from the real world and real people.

只要孩子们喜欢玩，现代游戏就没有什么问题，如果不玩得太多的话。然而，必须指出的是，现代电子产品很可能对孩子们的幸福产生消极影响。人们甚至担心，科技正在造就一代孤独的孩子，他们很难交到朋友。缺乏锻炼也是导致肥胖水平飞升的一个关键因素，因为普通青少年每天花很长时间玩电子游戏，很少做户外运动。因此，尽管数字游戏拥有认知优势（从提高问题解决技能到空间导航能力），这些游戏却容易将孩子们与现实世界和现实中的人隔离开来。

解析

(1) 本段论述当代电子游戏的问题所在：让孩子们孤独；肥胖；与现实隔离。

(2) as long as 只要

(3) excessively 过多地

(4) electronic gadget 电子产品

(5) soaring 飞升的

(6) cognitive 认知的

(7) navigation 巡航

(8) isolate 使......隔离

04

In terms of children’s physical and mental development, traditional games do much better than modern games. Today’s children should be allowed to play modern games with limited screen time, but it is always advisable not to forget altogether those traditional games. After all, playing traditional games is probably the best way to remember the happy childhood.

就孩子的身心发展而言，传统游戏比现代游戏做得好得多。今天的孩子们应该被允许在有限的屏幕时间内玩现代游戏，但是永远不要忘记那些传统游戏。毕竟，玩传统游戏可能是记住快乐童年的方式。

解析

(1) 本段是结论，重申自己的观点。

(2) in terms of 就......而言；在......方面

(3) advisable 值得建议的；应该的

(4) after all 毕竟

本范文中可背诵的句子

1. Relatively, children growing up in the world of today would rather stay inside and play video games than go outside and play traditional games.

相对而言，在当今世界长大的孩子宁愿待在家里玩电子游戏，而不是出门玩传统游戏。

2. A number of ‘folk’ games which have been passed from generation to generation have many positive effects, including physical skills and socializing skills.

许多代代相传的“民间”游戏具有积极的作用，包括身体技能和社交技能。

3. Lack of exercise is also a key factor behind soaring levels of obesity, with the average youngster spending long hours daily playing video games, and little time doing outdoor exercise.

缺乏锻炼也是导致肥胖水平飞升的一个关键因素，因为普通青少年每天花很长时间玩电子游戏，很少做户外运动。

4. Today’s children should be allowed to play modern games with limited screen time, but it is always advisable not to forget altogether those traditional games.

今天的孩子们应该被允许在有限的屏幕时间内玩现代游戏，但是永远不要忘记那些传统游戏。

7分范文

It looks like that modern-day children are in danger of missing out some of the finest games played by their grandparents. Relatively, children growing up in the world of today would rather stay inside and play video games than go outside and play traditional games. Typically, those modern games do not contribute so much to children’s development of many life skills as those traditional games.

Most adults’ happiest childhood memories probably revolve around simple pleasures from playing such games as hide and seek, kicking the can, building sandcastles, flying kite, skipping rope, and climbing tree. A number of ‘folk’ games which have been passed from generation to generation have many positive effects, including physical skills and socializing skills. What is more, since traditional games are usually played with minimal technology and maximum freedom, children can learn by example from other children without any pre-programed rules. Children need to play traditional games as a physical and mental necessity in the open air, instead of just playing computer games like a little nerd in front of the screen.

As long as children enjoy playing, there is nothing wrong with modern games, if they are not played excessively. However, it must be pointed out that modern electronic gadgets are likely to affect negatively children’s wellbeing. There are even fears that technology is creating a generation of lonely children who struggle to make friends. Lack of exercise is also a key factor behind soaring levels of obesity, with the average youngster spending long hours daily playing video games, and little time doing outdoor exercise. Therefore, whereas digital games have their share of cognitive benefits ranging from improved problem solving skills to spatial navigation abilities, they nevertheless tend to isolate children from the real world and real people.

In terms of children’s physical and mental development, traditional games do much better than modern games. Today’s children should be allowed to play modern games with limited screen time, but it is always advisable not to forget altogether those traditional games. After all, playing traditional games is probably the best way to remember the happy childhood.

（360 words)  

7月28日大作文范文1 ：改造好的犯人是给学生宣讲犯罪危害的人选吗？

2018年7月28日雅思大作文题目

“Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later, and it is often argued that these are the best people to talk to teenagers about the dangers of committing a crime. To what extent do you agree or disagree?”

解析&审题

青少年犯罪是全球性的话题，大家都在思考：为什么青少年会犯罪？为什么青少年犯罪逐年增加？青少年犯罪后到底该如何惩罚？这些话题也都是雅思考试中的热门话题。

唐老师总结了一下近几年雅思作文中关于犯罪的话题，列举如下：

Young people who commit serious crimes, such as a robbery or a violent attack should be punished in the same way as adults. To what extent do you agree or disagree? （2015/4/25；2015/6/18; 2013/11/9）青少年犯罪是否该受到与成年人一样的惩罚？

Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later. Some people think that they are the best people to talk to school students the danger of committing a crime. Do you agree or disagree? (2015/8/8) 请改造过后的犯人给学生讲犯罪的危害，可否？

People are afraid to leave their homes for fear of crimes. Some people believe that more action should be taken to prevent crimes while others think that little could be done. Discuss both sides and give your opinion.

(2015/8/29; 2012/11/3) 我们已经没有办法阻止犯罪吗？

Children are committing more crimes. What are the causes? How to punish them?

(2014/8/2; 2010/8/5) 儿童犯罪增多的原因，怎样处罚他们？

Some think most crime is the result of circumstances e.g. poverty and other social problems. Other believe that most crime is caused by people who are bad by nature. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

(2014/11/8) 犯罪的原因到底是社会原因还是人性原因？

In most countries,prison is an effective solution to the problem of crime. Some people think it is a more effective solution to provide education for those who violate the law. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

(2012/5/12；2018/3/3) 还有比监狱更好的办法来解决犯罪问题吗？

A recent newspaper article report that a 14 years old boy who seriously destroyed his school got a punishment to clean streets instead of being sent to the prison, Do you think this is right, or the young criminals should be sent to the jail?

(2016/1/14) 青少年损坏公物后被罚扫街，这种处罚合适吗？

回到今天的考题，这个题目是2015年8月8日的原题重现。题目类型是“你是否同意办法A是解决B问题的途径？”，类似的题目很多，比如：“提高车价是解决交通问题的办法吗？”

对于这类问题，我们一般做法都是先承认办法的可取之处，然后提出其存在的问题，甚至提出其他更好的办法。

Ok，请改造好的犯人回来给青少年讲犯罪的危险，这个肯定是个好办法，因为这些犯人有亲身经历，现身说法，自然最有说服力，也讲得更为形象，而且经过改造，他们对犯罪可能造成的危害也理解得更加深刻。但是（这类题目一定要论述“但是”这个部分！），从另外一个方面讲，这些犯人虽然已经改造好了，但毕竟曾经是犯人，对于尚不能完全分辨是非的青少年（teenagers）来说（注意，teenagers是本题另外一个关键词），可能会产生非常不好的感觉，比如青少年可能会歧视这些人，从而让其宣讲的效果大打折扣。给青少年普及犯罪的危害还有其他办法：阅读书籍、观看电影、参观犯罪博物馆，等等。

以下是唐老师撰写的7分范文。

老师笔记　01

One important part of teenagers’ education is turning them into law-abiding citizens by making them realise the dangers of committing crimes. The best way to do this, as many people would argue, is to have ex-prisoners, who have now become good citizens, talking to teenagers about their personal stories. While I think it may indeed be effective, it may also fail sometimes.

青少年教育的一个重要部分是让他们认识到犯罪的危险，从而成为守法的公民。在许多人看来，的方法就是让现在已经成为好公民的前囚犯来与青少年谈论他们的个人故事。虽然我认为它可能确实有效，但有时候也可能没有作用。

解析

(1) 本段从青少年的教育入题，然后重述题目观点，最后给出自己的观点。

(2) law-abiding 遵纪守法的

(3) personal stories 个人故事；个人经历

02

Obviously, ex-prisoners are in a better position than anybody else to let teenagers understand the consequences of violating the law. They were personally involved in crimes and know very well how much pain their behavior hasinflicted upon the victims and their families. They also know very well how hard their life in prison was and what freedom really means. Compared with the lectures given by the law teachers, the personal stories shared by ex-prisoners are more direct, more powerful emotionally, and thus more effective as an educational tool.

显然，前囚犯比任何人都更能让青少年了解违法的后果。他们亲身参与了犯罪，非常清楚他们的行为给受害者及其家人带来的痛苦。他们也非常清楚他们在监狱里的生活有多艰难，自由到底意味着什么。与法律老师的讲课相比，前囚犯分享的个人故事更直接，情感上更有力度，因此是更有效的教育工具。

解析

(1) 本段分析前囚犯讲述个人经历可能有效的原因，本段使用了比较法。

(2) in a position to do... 能够做......

(3) violate the law 违法

(4) be involved in... 卷入......

(5) inflict pain on/upon... 给......带来痛苦

03

Nevertheless, having a former prisoner standing face to face with a group of teenagers may be an awkwardscenario in some cases. It is common for people, especially youngsters, to have a fear towards criminals, particularly those who have committed violent crimes. Very naturally, teenagers may develop a strongdistrust of the former criminals and so they will not listen to their stories, however interesting these stories might be. That is why many schools would have policemen, instead of former prisoners, giving law lessons to their students, because to teenagers, policemen are much more trustworthy.

然而，在某些情况下，让一名前囚犯与一群青少年面对面可能是一种尴尬的情景。人们，特别是年轻人，对罪犯（特别是那些曾犯下暴力罪行的罪犯）感到恐惧是很常见的。很自然，青少年可能会对以前的罪犯产生强烈的不信任，所以他们不会听他们讲故事，无论这些故事多么有趣。这就是为什么许多学校会请警察，而不是以前的囚犯，来给他们的学生上法律课，因为对青少年来说，警察要值得信赖得多。

解析

(1) 本段论述让前囚犯来讲个人经历为什么有时候没有作用。

(2) scenario 场景

(3) distrust 不信任

(4) trustworthy 值得信赖的

04

In conclusion, teenagers’ ability to tell right from wrong is important to themselves as well as the entire society. By listening to the personal stories of former prisoners, youngsters may betouched and become moreconscious of the consequences of committing crimes, yet alternative measures should be found when this does notwork out.

总之，青少年辨别是非的能力对他们自己和整个社会都很重要。通过听前囚犯的个人故事，青少年可能会被感动，从而更多地意识到犯罪的后果，但是，当这种做法行不通时，就应该找到其他的措施。

解析

(1) 本段是结论。

(2) be conscious of... 意识到......；明白......

(3) alternative 替换的；其他的

(4) work out 行得通；可行

本范文中可背诵的句子

1. One important part of teenagers’ education is turning them into law-abiding citizens by making them realise the dangers of committing crimes.

青少年教育的一个重要部分是让他们认识到犯罪的危险，从而成为守法的公民。

2. Compared with the lectures given by the law teachers, the personal stories shared by ex-prisoners are more direct, more powerful emotionally, and thus more effective as an educational tool.

与法律老师的讲课相比，前囚犯分享的个人故事更直接，情感上更有力度，因此是更有效的教育工具。

3. Very naturally, teenagers may develop a strong distrust of the former criminals and so they will not listen to their stories, however interesting these stories might be.

很自然，青少年可能会对以前的罪犯产生强烈的不信任，所以他们不会听他们讲故事，无论这些故事多么有趣。

4. By listening to the personal stories of former prisoners, youngsters may be touched and become more conscious ofthe consequences of committing crimes, yet alternativemeasures should be found when this does not work out.

通过听前囚犯的个人故事，青少年可能会被感动，从而更多地意识到犯罪的后果，但是，当这种做法行不通时，就应该找到其他的措施。

7分范文

One important part of teenagers’ education is turning them into law-abiding citizens by making them realise the dangers of committing crimes. The best way to do this, as many people would argue, is to have ex-prisoners, who have now become good citizens, talking to teenagers about their personal stories. While I think it may indeed be effective, it may also fail sometimes.

Obviously, ex-prisoners are in a better position than anybody else to let teenagers understand the consequences of violating the law. They were personally involved in crimes and know very well how much pain their behavior has inflicted upon the victims and their families. They also know very well how hard their life in prison was and what freedom really means. Compared with the lectures given by the law teachers, the personal stories shared by ex-prisoners are more direct, more powerful emotionally, and thus more effective as an educational tool.

Nevertheless, having a former prisoner standing face to face with a group of teenagers may be an awkward scenario in some cases. It is common for people, especially youngsters, to have a fear towards criminals, particularly those who have committed violent crimes. Very naturally, teenagers may develop a strong distrust of the former criminals and so they will not listen to their stories, however interesting these stories might be. That is why many schools would have policemen, instead of former prisoners, giving law lessons to their students, because to teenagers, policemen are much more trustworthy.

In conclusion, teenagers’ ability to tell right from wrong is important to themselves as well as the entire society. By listening to the personal stories of former prisoners, youngsters may be touched and become more conscious of the consequences of committing crimes, yet alternative measures should be found when this does not work out.

（302 words)

暑假好多小伙伴都准备出国旅游或在家追剧。旅行交流，看美剧都偏口语化，很多表达书面并不常见。

maybe你也有这样的担心：“万一，我只是说万一!(毕竟我的语言分数还是考得挺高的...)听不懂地道的“俚语”，那对话岂不是要尬了？”

别担心！今天小编精心挑选了10个高频俚语！赶紧来get一下！

pop

pop=a kind of drink 汽水

【例句】-What do you want to drink?

-Just pop.

to pop=going somewhere  去某个地方

【例句】I'm just popping to the shop,do you want anything?

XYZ

XYZ=check your zipper  检查你的拉链

【例句】Hey,man.XYZ!

【解析】为啥check用X表示？在美国，填表选项时常用「×」表示，这个动作就叫"check"。

stand someone up

stand someone up 放某人鸽子

【例句】-I'm sorry.I won't stand you up again.You have my word！

-That sounds quite convinced~

【解析】stand someone up这个词组，大家若是次看到，想必多半是满头雾水，怎么单词全都认识，意思却完全不知道。让你一边站着凉快去了，就等于“放你鸽子”~

in the nick of time

in the nick of time 关键时刻，紧要关头

【例句】We got there just in the nick of time. A minute later and she'd have left.

【解析】nick 除了可以做英文名字之外，还可以做名词表示缺口，裂痕的意思。整个短语是在时间的裂缝中—表示时间的紧急，刻不容缓！常与arrive、get there、happen、reach something等连用。

take a dump

take a dump 上大号

【例句】 -Would you mind closing the door?

-I'm trying to take a dump here.

【解析】“dump” 是「丢掉」的意思，「丢」什么不必我解释了吧?平时可不要乱用这个词儿，用错了会很丢脸哦！

pinch pennies

pinch pennies 精打细算

【例句】She loved to shop and buy clothes, while I tended to pinch pennies.

【解析】Pinch作为动词最普通的意思是用食指和拇指捏着，pennies是一分钱硬币，在美国钱币中价值，一百个pennies才值一美元，即使装满了一口袋也没多少钱。Pinch pennies从字面来看是紧紧捏着pennies不放，一定是精打细算，甚至有守财奴的意味了~

take a hike

take a hike 散步，回避，哪凉快哪歇着去

【例句1】I want to take a hike along the river bank,singing my favorite song.

【例句2】Please take a hike while I'm drawing,don't interrupt me!

【解析】take a hike字面意思是去远足散步，也能勇于感觉对方比较烦人的时候，希望别人赶紧走开。多用于平时吵架，语气较重~

love handles

love handles 腰间赘肉，游泳圈

【例句】I exercise every day, but I can't get rid of these love handles!

【解析】love handles=爱的把手？？什么鬼？？love handles其实是指“腰部两侧多出来的肥肉”（比喻爱人可以将你两侧的赘肉当做把手将你牵走，哈哈）相应的，男生的啤酒肚叫beer belly~

booze

booze 俚语的“酒”

【例句1】He likes to booze.

【例句2】He's all boozed up.

【例句3】BYOB=Bring your own booze.

【解析】年轻人喜欢开party,有时候会说BYOB，说明这是一个自带酒水的party~带上可反复使用的瓶子是一种节俭环保的好习惯哟~

break a leg

break a leg 祝你好运

【例句1】Break a leg in your test today！

【例句2】I hope your performance in the Golden Concert Hall goes well,break a leg！

【解析】break a leg可不是希望你摔断腿！这句俚语"break a leg"源于莎士比亚时期的舞台传统。演出结束后，演员一般要到前台谢幕，若表演出色，一般会赢得台下观众的"小费"。当然，接受了小费，演员是要弯腿行"屈膝礼"的。因此，"Break a leg"成了希望演员演出成功的形象说法。

向大家推荐一个好用的APP—urban dictionary。以后与歪果仁聊天时遇到不认识的俚语，在里面都查得到哟~比如ermahgerd字典里查不到，意思实际上是“oh my god”~

最后祝还要为考试奋战的童靴们——都能break a leg！更多精彩资讯，敬请关注沈阳新航道雅思考试频道。

　　作为美国大学标准化成绩之一，SAT/ACT这两类“美国高考”有不同的评分标准，那如何换算呢?下面和新航道沈阳英语培训小编一起来看一看吧。

　　近日，美国大学考试委员会CB官方(The College   Board)联合ACT,Inc.，根据同时具备SAT和ACT成绩的60W美国大学毕业生，最终得出了的2018美国高考SAT与ACT成绩对照表，文末附TOP20美国大学SAT成绩要求。

　　2018年SAT与ACT分数(总分)对照表

　　往年旧的SAT与ACT分数(总分)对照表

　　通过这两个表我们可以看到，SAT和ACT的分数对比出现了小幅度的变化。

　　例如：

　　旧数据：SAT1500分对应的ACT成绩是33分

　　新数据：SAT1500分对应的ACT成绩是34分。

　　现在我们大家都在担心“分数膨胀”，不过从对照表的变化看来，SAT 1500分的分数的重要性提升了，这告诉我们，或许我们有些担心过度了...

　　新旧SAT/ACT分数对照表　各分数段浮动情况

　　2018年SAT与ACT各科分数对应表

　　附：TOP20美国大学SAT成绩要求

　　1.普林斯顿大学 新SAT成绩：1470-1600

　　2.哈佛大学  新SAT成绩：1480-1600

　　(2019年秋季入学开始，不再要求SAT成绩)

　　3.芝加哥大学 新SAT成绩：1500-1590

　　3 耶鲁大学 新SAT成绩：1480-1600

　　4.哥伦比亚大学 新SAT成绩：1460-1580

　　5.麻省理工学院 新SAT成绩：1470-1580

　　5.斯坦福大学 新SAT成绩：1450-1580

　　8.宾夕法尼亚大学 新SAT成绩：1440-1570

　　9.杜克大学 新SAT成绩：1440-1590

　　10.加州理工学院 新SAT成绩：1530-1600

　　11.达特茅斯学院 新SAT成绩：1440-1580

　　11 约翰霍普金斯大学 新SAT成绩：1430-1550

　　14.布朗大学 新SAT成绩：1410-1570

　　14.康奈尔大学 新SAT成绩：1390-1550

　　14.莱斯大学 新SAT成绩：1440-1570

　　14.范德堡大学 新SAT成绩：1470-1580

　　18.圣母大学 新SAT成绩：1410-1550

　　18.圣路易斯华盛顿大学 新SAT成绩：1480-1580

　　20.乔治城大学 新SAT成绩：1320-1520

　　看了的2018美国高考SAT与ACT成绩对照表，你心里有数了吗？更多精彩内容，尽在沈阳新航道SAT考试频道。英语高能高分，就上新航道！

　　前两天有小伙伴问2018年美国研究生的语言成绩要求，小编今天就赶紧整理了一份。在研究生申请方面，各专业要求均有不同，语言成绩要求差异极大，本篇往往只能根据研究生院的要求给出参考，具体还需申请查找自己专业的页面。详细请看下图啦~标红部分是与2017年不同的地方，请注意哦！

　　你梦想中的大学语言成绩要求是多少分呢？向着自己设定的目标努力奋斗吧！如果你在雅思考试或者托福考试上还有什么问题，来沈阳新航道官网看看有没有你需要的干货吧~英语高能高分，就上新航道！

据说快乐的人头发是分颜色的，你知道哪些头发颜色、发型的表达?和小编一起来看看吧!

a jolly man 快乐的人头发颜色

black 黑色

brown 棕色

red 红色

blonde 金黄色

grey 灰色

white 白色

dyed 染色的

dark 深色发型

long 长的

short 短的

straight 直的

wavy 波浪形的

curly 卷曲的

neat 整齐的

untidy 不整齐的

with plaits 编辫子的

swept back 向后梳的

ina bun 圆发髻

pony -tail 马尾巴发形

bald 光秃的

parted on theright side 右分头

pigtail 辨子

curly hair 卷发

wavy hair卷发

straight hair直发

short hair 短头发

long hair 长头发衣着

以上是雅思听力中关于人物头发颜色、发型的常用描述词汇，更多雅思信息可以关注沈阳新航道雅思频道。

　　托福口语Task 1 解题方法和思路：托福口语的Task 1 是开放性的话题，内容可涉及人物、地点、事件以及物件类四个方面。要求考生准备15 秒，并用45 秒回答问题。主要都是一些比较日常，比较生活化的话题。只需要最简单的语言去回答就可以了，比较容易得分。
 
　　部分，不需要过多使用复杂的句型和词汇，避免造成一些不必要的不流畅。使用一些相对简单而学生相对熟悉熟练的表达方式为佳，以低出错率，高得分率为目标。
 

　　Task 1 的答题结构是以：
　　“topic sentence +reasons + detailed reason + conclusion”为主。
 
　　首先，给出一个主旨句，直接阐述出自己的观点；然后，列举一些简单的理由和例子；之后，补充一个相对具体事例，进一步说明观点；最后，一句话总结。这样的结构简单明了，不用太多复杂的观点，只需要找例子去支撑就可以了。

　　 想了解更多托福口语题型的解题方法及思路，敬请关注沈阳新航道新航道托福考试频道。

　　托福阅读指代题考查辨认文中单词或词组之间指代关系的能力。一般来说，这类关系涉及代词与先行词之间的关系，有时也涉及关系代词，如 which的指代。
 
　　文中被考的代词或词组加了阴影 (highlighted)。虽然4个选项都来自原文，但是只有一个是代词的真正指代对象。常考的代词有they, this, it, others, which 等。问题形式为：The word (or phase) X in the passage refers to.
 

　　做题技巧：前往搜索，代入验证

　　初步判断
　　1. 主从复合句中的指代
　　在主从复合句中，第二句的代词主语经常指代句的名词主语（有时是宾语），表示话题的延续。
 
　　例如：
　　College students asked to predict their own future compared to that of their classmates believed, on average, that theywere more likely graduate higher in their class, get a better job, earn a higher salary, have a happier marriage, and bear a gifted child.
 
　　The word “they” in line 2 refers to
　　A. students
　　B. classmates
　　C. future
　　D. Salary
 
　　从句 that they...中的代词主语 they 指代主语的名词主语 college students，因此个选项正确。
 
　　2. 并列动词中的指代
　　如果一个句子中有两个并列的动词，第二个动词的代词宾语经常指代前一个动词后的名词宾语。
 
　　例如：
　　Artists perceive the distinction between public and private spaces, and take that into consideration when carrying out their public commissions.
The word “that” refers to
　　A. Space
　　B. audience
　　C. distinction
　　D. commission
 
　　句子中两个并列的动词是 perceive 和 take (into consideration)，其中 perceive 的宾语是 distinction，而 take 的宾语是that。根据上面所说的技巧，that 指代 distinction，答案是C。
 
　　3. 所有格的指代
　　所有格代词经常指代其前面与其最靠近的名词。
 
　　例如：
　　Folk-made objects are replaced be their popular equivalent, often because the popular item is more quickly or cheaply manufactured, is easier to use, or endows the owner with greater prestige.
 
　　The word “their” refers to
　　A. nation
　　B. subjects
　　C. folk
　　D. objects
 
　　根据所有格的指代的做题技巧，their 指代前面位置最靠近的名词 objects，因此D正确。
 
　　4. 关系代词的指代
　　关系代词通常指代从句的先行词，如of which..., in which..., from which...等结构中的which都指代先行词。
 
　　例如：
　　When growing on rock surfaces, lichens secrete acids that dissolve the minerals, contributing to the process of weathering by which rocks are slowly turned to soil.
 
　　The word “which” in the passage refers to
　　A. the process of weathering
　　B. growing on rock surfaces
　　C. dissolving the minerals
　　D. being turned to soil
　　关系代词 which 指代先行词the process of weathering，A正确。
 
　　代入验证
　　在根据上面所说的各种情况作出判断之后，代入原文验证，看语义、逻辑和语法是否通顺，如果通顺就是正确答案。

　　简单几步，托福阅读中的指代题就可以轻松的解决啦~如果你还有其他疑问，不妨来沈阳新航道托福考试频道找找看呦~

　　《华尔街日报》联合泰晤士报，发布这次排名的指标是：

　　1.学生表现(权重40%)   包括毕业率、毕业后的收入、债务偿还情况，毕业以后的去向好坏;

　　2.美国大学的教学资源(权重30%)

　　3.学校与学生的互动关系(student engagement)(权重20%)

　　4.教学氛围与多样性(权重10%)

　　被《华尔街日报》和泰晤士报(THE)评为全美性价比的10所大学院校是：

　　1佐治亚理工学院

　　这是坐落在美国东南部佐治亚州 (Georgia)亚特兰大市的一所公立院校，佐治亚理工学院是北美大学联盟AAC成员校，并且Georgia Tech被评为美国的“公立常春藤盟校”之一。

　　科普：公立常春藤(Public Ivies)是指美国一些无论学术还是教学水平都可以与常春藤盟校匹敌的但属于公立学校的大学。

　　优势专业：工程类学科、Industrial Engineering 工业工程、Civil Engineering 土木工程、Biomedical Engineering 生物医学工程、Aerospace Engineering 航空航天工程等专业。

　　学费：$32,396

　　食宿费：$10,716

　　总金额：S43112

　　毕业10年薪酬：$74,000

　　性价比：171.65%

　　2哈佛大学

　　这所象征着美国高等教育学术水平的院校，哈佛大学不仅在文学、医学、法学、商学等多个专业领域拥有崇高的学术影响力，该校更是美国本土历史最悠久的、院校。

　　优势专业：生命科学、自然科学、法学、医学、商学、社会科学等专业

　　学费：$45,278

　　食宿费：$15,381

　　总金额：S43112

　　毕业10年薪酬：$91,000

　　性价比：150.02%

　　3麻省理工学院

　　这所坐落在美国马萨诸塞州剑桥市的理工院校，麻省理工学院素以的工程学和计算机科学而，该校不仅学术成就和科研成果被世人所熟知，该校更是毗邻哈佛大学，地处美国独立革命思想的发源地：大波士顿地区，校园风景怡人。

　　优势专业：电子工程专业名气最强，紧跟其后的是机械工程，其它的物理学、化学、经济学、哲学、政治学、建筑学等专业也非常;

　　学费：S46.704

　　食宿费：S13.730

　　总金额：$60,434

　　毕业10年薪酬：$90,000

　　性价比：148.92%

　　4马里兰大学

　　马里兰大学因其卓越的教学及研究实力而享有声誉，学校有31项专业名列全美前10名，61项专业名列全美前15名，90项专业名列全美前25名，因此，该校不仅是美国的研究公立大学、美国中西部十大联盟之一，UMCP更是美国的“公立常春藤”院校之一。

　　优势专业：犯罪学、商科类专业、工程类专业

　　学费：$31,144

　　食宿费：$11,521

　　总金额：542,665

　　毕业10年薪酬：$60,000

　　性价比：140. 63%

　　5德州农工大学

　　作为全美的工程学院之一，德克萨斯A&M大学(德州农工大学)在基础科学方面的研究成果也尤为显著，有多位诺贝尔奖得主曾在此工作或学习。该校的学术成就、教学水准更是一直处于世界百强之列。

　　优势专业：工程类专业、工程与基础科学类专业、会计、管理、工程、教育等专业

　　学费：$27,745

　　食宿费：$10,338

　　总金额：$38,083

　　毕业10年薪酬：$53,000

　　性价比：139.17%

　　6斯坦福大学

　　这所坐落在美国加利福尼亚州旧金山湾区，自1891年成立至今就创造无数传奇、世界的美国院校：斯坦福大学(Stanford   University)，该校不仅在多个国内外大学排名中均处于十强之列，斯坦福大学更是为美国高精尖产业区“硅谷”的成立奠定了坚实的基础。

　　优势专业：计算机科学、数学、工科、化学等专业

　　学费：$46.320

　　食宿费：$14,107

　　总金额：$60,427

　　毕业10年薪酬：$83,000

　　性价比：137.36%

　　7普渡大学

　　作为美国一级国家大学、美国十大联盟的成员院校，普渡大学(Purdue   University)是美国远近闻名的理工科老牌院校，其工程学院属于世界行列，与麻省理工学院、斯坦福大学、加州大学伯克利分校等校一同常年包揽着美国工科十强榜。

　　优势专业：工程类专业、计算机科学类专业、农学类专业、管理学类专业、传媒类专业等

　　学费：$28,804

　　食宿费：$10,030

　　总金额：$38,834

　　毕业10年薪酬：$53,000

　　性价比：136.48%

　　8伍斯特理工学院

　　伍斯特理工学院(WPI)一直是美国新英格兰地区的学校，在东部业界拥有良好的口碑以及庞大的校友圈。其学生受欢迎程度仅次于麻省理工学院，因此也被戏称为"小麻省理工学院"。此外，伍斯特理工学院也被"普林斯顿评论"评为"全美最绿色的院校"之一。

　　优势专业：工程类专业、化学类专业、计算机科学类专业等等

　　学费：$45,590

　　食宿费：$13,410

　　总金额：$59,000

　　毕业10年薪酬：$79,000

　　性价比：133.90%

　　9佛罗里达大学

　　这所坐落在美国佛罗里达州，建校历史最悠久、规模的综合型公立大学，佛罗里达大学被誉为美国公立常春藤盟校之一，同时该校也是北美大学联盟美国大学协会(AAU)成员之一。

　　优势专业：新闻传播、工程、法律、药学等专业

　　学费：$28,659

　　食宿费：$9,650

　　总金额：$38,309

　　毕业10年薪酬：$51,000

　　性价比：133.19%

　　10乔治城大学

　　由于临近美国白宫，建校历史悠久，因此，这所私立院校在政治学，国际关系学以及众多社会科学领域其他常春藤学校。

　　优势专业：政治学、国际关系学、社会科学等专业;

　　学费：S48.611

　　食宿费：$14,574

　　总金额：$63,185

　　毕业10年薪酬：$84,000

　　性价比：132.94%

 
　　以上就是《华尔街日报》此次发布的美国性价比的10所大学啦，更多资讯，尽在沈阳新航道官网。